Assets/USDE

USDe

USDE

US dollar exposure

StablecoinCrypto-nativeEthena BVI Limited

USDe is an Ethereum-based synthetic dollar launched by an Ethena Labs subsidiary. Holders receive proportionate backing-asset redemption rights, not guaranteed dollars.

Read more

USDe is an Ethereum-based synthetic dollar launched by an Ethena Labs subsidiary. Holders receive proportionate backing-asset redemption rights, not guaranteed dollars.

Sources · 3

Backing description 'Stablecoin reserves, DeFi loans, crypto assets, and hedges' silently merges the current diversified state (ev:07478e82) with the June 2025 'entirely crypto assets and hedges' framing (ev:8f468ff3) without noting the shift; asOfDate 2026-08-03 rests partly on the undated ev:07478e82.

sec.gov ↗
“USDe is a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”
sec.gov ↗
“Rather, the value is intended to approximate $1 utilizing the underlying delta-neutral positioning of the backing assets, and USDe is redeemable for a proportionate share of the backing assets. Furthermore, USDe is not redeemable for fiat currency.”
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:30:44.849Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt: contradicted — The identity, launch, approximate-dollar design, non-fiat redemption, and disclosed backing categories are supported by the sources. However, “holders receive proportionate backing-asset redemption ri | anthropic: confirmed — Every material claim is supported by the union of the two fetched sources. The SEC Crypto Task Force letter states USDe is 'a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in Febr | kimi: confirmed — All material claims are supported by the union of sources. The SEC letter directly states USDe is 'a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched... by an Ethena Labs subsidiary'

Overview

◇

Underlying

US dollar exposure

30d return

+0.03%

◫

Collateralization ratio

100%

Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe only requires 1:1 'collateralization' in the majority of market conditions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena trades with no effective leverage across exchanges as the delta offsetting short perpetual positions are equal in size to the backing assets”

Verifier note: panel 1/1 confirmed (agreement=5) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched documentation expressly states that “USDe only requires 1:1 ‘collateralization’ in the majority of market conditions.” A 1:1 collateralization ratio corresponds to 100%. The accompanying d

✓

Attestation frequency

Monthly

Sources · 2

Monthly custodian attestations (breadth-api-2, breadth-opencode, via docs.ethena.fi/resources/custodian-attestations: 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians...').

Weekly Proof-of-Reserves attestation program launched April 2025, supplementing monthly custodian reports (depth-structure-flows, via crypto.news Chainlink PoR attestor article).

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.”
crypto.news ↗
“help power Ethena Labs' weekly proof”

Verifier note: panel 3/3 confirmed (agreement=2, disputed) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — Ethena’s official Custodian Attestations page explicitly states: “Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.” T | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The primary source (Ethena's own docs) explicitly and unambiguously states 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets o | google/gemini-3.6-flash: confirmed — The cited source explicitly states: 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.', directly confirming that the

USDE price

$0.999335

□

Custodian

Copper, Ceffu, Fireblocks, Kraken, Anchorage Digital (off-exchange settlement providers holding USDe backing collateral)

Sources · 4
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The defining mechanic of OES is the separation of custody from margining.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“depositing backing assets…does not transfer beneficial title over the assets to the provider or exchange partners.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Assets are held off-exchange with custodians including Copper, Ceffu, Cobo, and Zodia”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Backing assets remain in custody with the OES provider at all times.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 4b004d2c-f285-4867-bb88-d303562bccd6: The new claim more directly addresses who holds the backing and the segregation model: its evidence identifies OES custodians and states that assets remain with them, custody is separated from margining, and beneficial title is not transferred. The incumbent mainly describes unnamed custodians and prospective lending arrangements. Although several entities in the new claim are not supported by its cited excerpts, it remains the more direct and specific answer; neither claim supplies regulator or charter details.

Performance

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over 1 month

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over 3 months

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over 6 months

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over year to date

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over 1 year

Growth

Growth of $10,000 over all history

0.03% 30d return

$10,000.31

+$0.31
Jul 7, 26Jul 15, 26Jul 23, 26

$9,994.79

-$5.21

$10,006.29

+$6.29

$10,007.51

+$7.51

$9,985.25

-$14.75

$9,991.03

-$8.97

As of Aug 7, 2026 · source: Kamino API

Returns

As of August 7, 2026

1 mo

3 mo

6 mo

YTD

1 yr

Since inception

USDE

+0.03%

-0.01%

+0.01%

+0.01%

-0.01%

-0.01%

Benchmark

3M T-BILL

+0.32%

+0.30%

+0.30%

+0.30%

+0.30%

+0.30%

1 mo
USDE+0.03%
3M T-BILL+0.32%
3 mo
USDE-0.01%
3M T-BILL+0.30%
6 mo
USDE+0.01%
3M T-BILL+0.30%
YTD

1 mo

3 mo

6 mo

YTD

1 yr

Since inception

USDE

+0.03%

-0.04%

+0.07%

The underlying

Underlying issuer

Ethena BVI Limited

More

Ethena (BVI) Limited operates websites and related services, tools, and features, including the Ethena service. It collects, uses, and discloses user information under its privacy policy.

Sources · 3

Ethena GmbH issued USDe in Germany from 28 June 2024.

Ethena BVI Limited also issued USDe from 1 January 2025.

Per BaFin the token is issued by Ethena GmbH (Frankfurt) and, since 1 Jan 2025, also by Ethena BVI Limited.

bafin.de ↗
“Die Ethena GmbH mit Sitz in Frankfurt am Main ist Emittentin eines vermögenswertereferenzierten Tokens mit dem Namen USDe.”
bafin.de ↗
“Die Ethena GmbH emittiert ihren USDe-Token seit dem 28. Juni 2024 in Deutschland.”
bafin.de ↗
“Nachdem die Ethena GmbH den USDe-Token zeitweise alleine emittiert hatte, wird dieser Token seit dem 1. Januar 2025 auch von der Ethena BVI Limited mit Sitz auf den Britischen Jungferninseln emittiert.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: confirmed — BaFin expressly states that USDe has also been issued by Ethena BVI Limited since 1 January 2025. The legal-entity name therefore fits the slot and is directly supported, although the source also iden | anthropic: confirmed — The BaFin notice explicitly names 'Ethena BVI Limited mit Sitz auf den Britischen Jungferninseln' as an issuer of the USDe token: 'Nachdem die Ethena GmbH den USDe-Token zeitweise alleine emittiert ha

Portfolio overview

Pool-wide metrics

Structure & quality

The Risk Committee sets allocation caps, counterparty standards, collateralization requirements, and liquidity parameters. Proposed direct loans use liquid BTC or ETH collateral, triparty custody, margin calls, automatic liquidation, and redemption-sensitive tenors.Disputed
More

Proposed initial expanded RWA allocations target AAA-rated CLO funds.

Sources · 4

Scope overreach / misreading: the slot asks for the duration/credit/concentration of the CURRENT disclosed underlying, but the value describes almost entirely PROPOSED, not-yet-implemented diversification (direct lending via 3d9349a7 'in the process of finalising'; eb716cfa 'Initially, allocations will LIKELY be limited to AAA-rated CLO funds'; 88e95677/383032bf are contemplated agreements). It omits the actually-disclosed concentration — ~89% stablecoin reserves + DeFi lending and 11% perpetual futures (07478e82) with the basis trade as the 'core pillar' (831155ea) — and discloses no current duration/maturity or credit quality for the live backing.

ethena.fi ↗

Portfolio composition

7 holdings · sorted by weight

Institutional lending
Overcollateralized lending to institutional counterparties
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties”

Verifier note: panel 1/3 confirmed (agreement=2) | trimmed uncited claims (4) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched Ethena overview explicitly supports that Institutional Lending consists of “overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties.” However, it does not mention any agreements or iden | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The cited page confirms the general description 'overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties' as a backing asset category, but it does not name Anchorage Digital, Maple Institutional, o | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched Ethena documentation explicitly lists “Institutional Lending - overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties,” which matches the claimed value.

Usdtb
USDtb is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank as of October 2025
Pending verification (3)
Composition
USDe's backing was concentrated in a delta-neutral crypto basis trade (spot BTC, ETH, SOL, and LSTs hedged with short perpetual futures) from 2023 through 2024. Since Ethena onboarded USDtb as backing on 2024-12-16, the protocol has diversified into liquid stablecoins, non-crypto basis trades, DeFi and institutional lending, and real-world assets.Unverified
More

As of an April 2026 reserve overhaul, perpetual-futures hedges had fallen to about 11% of total backing, with the remainder spread across stablecoins, lending, and RWAs.

Sources · 3
unchainedcrypto.com ↗
“Perpetual futures now make up just 11% of total backing”
paragraph.com ↗
“Ethena's Risk Committee approved a proposal last week to onboard USDtb as a USDe backing asset.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“For most of the protocol's history, backing has been concentrated in spot crypto assets hedged with short perpetual futures, alongside a buffer of liquid stablecoins.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:58.544Z from rejected status

Yield mechanics
Yield accrues only via staking USDe into sUSDe (ERC-4626-style vault); sUSDe's USDe exchange rate rises with periodic reward distributions rather than rebasing token balances; unstaked USDe earns nothing; unstaking sUSDe carries a seven-day cooldown.

Issuer

Ethena BVI Limited

Issuer
Ethena (BVI) Limited operates websites and related services, tools, and features, including the Ethena service. It collects, uses, and discloses user information under its privacy policy.

Structural credibility

Shared legal identity, ownership, people, incidents, and channels.

Key people

Guy Young· Founder & CEO of Ethena Labs (role confirmed current as of December 2025; previously ~5 years at Cerberus Capital Management)Arthur Hayes· founding advisor (BitMEX founder, early investor via Maelstrom)Alex Nimmo· CTOChristoffer Hjortlund· CIO/founding team memberZach Rosenberg· General CounselElliot Parker· COOSeraphim Czecker· Head of GrowthA separate Ethena FoundationYoung

Service providers

CopperCeffuFireblocksKrakenAnchorage Digital Bank· custody/off-exchange settlement

Custodians

CopperCeffuFireblocksKrakenAnchorage Digital· off-exchange settlement providers holding USDe backing collateral

Backers

Dragonfly CapitalMaelstrom· Arthur Hayes' family officeBrevan Howard DigitalAvon VenturesFidelityFranklin TempletonBinance LabsBybitOKX Ventures
Pending verification (4)
Launched
2024-02-19Disputed
More
Sources · 2

breadth-codex/depth-issuer-legal/breadth-claude: USDe publicly launched on Ethereum mainnet on 2024-02-19.

breadth-api-2: states public mainnet expanded in February 2024 but separately claims 'initial testing' launched 2023-11-15 ahead of the public mainnet.

cryptonews.net ↗
“USDe launched to the public on Feb. 19, 2024”
sec.gov ↗
“USDe…launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:57.328Z from rejected status

Incidents & track record
Ethena has weathered several stress events without reported loss of USDe reserves: (1) September 18, 2024 — a domain-registrar compromise briefly served a phishing site for under two hours, with no backend or mint/redemption compromise; (2) February 2025 — the Bybit exchange hack (~$1.5B ETH theft) left Ethena with roughly $30M of hedging exposure on Bybit, held off-exchange rather than on Bybit itself, cut to near-zero within about 90 minutes to a day; (3) April 14, 2025 — Germany's BaFin ordered Ethena GmbH to wind down its unauthorized MiCAR-regulated USDe business in the EEA, with a supervised redemption process completed by August 6, 2025; (4) October 10-11, 2025 — during a broad market-wide liquidation cascade, USDe traded away from its $1 peg before recovering within hours, though researchers disagree on the depth of the dislocation and its cause.

Filings & disclosures

Source documents from the issuer, hosted at the original source.

counterparty-risk disclosure: Names Copper, Ceffu, and Fireblocks and describes availability, operational, and custody dependencies that attestations must cover

docs.ethena.fi

contractual terms: Defines reserve assets broadly, restricts direct redemption to whitelisted Mint Users, permits service suspension, and leaves ordinary holders without direct redemption rights

docs.ethena.fi

custody framework: Says omnibus holdings may prevent wallet-level verification and substitutes periodic custodian attestations, exposing a material observability gap

docs.ethena.fi

attestation archive: Archive of monthly custodian attestations; reveals coverage frequency and whether reports identify custodians, accounts, assets, liabilities, and procedures

docs.ethena.fi

smart-contract upgrade documentation: Documents the July 2024 addition of price-divergence checks and per-block mint/redeem limits

docs.ethena.fi

Ethena publishes General Risk Disclosures in its official documentation resources.

docs.ethena.fi

Legal & regulatory structure

Independent layers of protection — the legal wrapper, the asset custodian, and third-party validators.

✓

Legal wrapper

Protects holders if the issuer fails.

Transfer restrictions
The Company can change mint/redemption/transfer/velocity limits as it deems necessary.
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“When you register as a Mint User, you will be required to designate an administrator for your registration and provide a wallet address to be whitelisted.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Company reserves the right to change the mint, redemption, transfer, and velocity limits as we deem necessary.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 31388a5f-e83e-46cf-babb-b1d1aa985eaa: The new claim precisely identifies four types of limits and is directly supported by its own evidence. The incumbent is more entity-specific, but its cited evidence supports the U.S.-person prohibition only for protocol interaction, minting, and redemption—not staking.

Tax treatment
Holders are solely responsible for determining and paying their own taxes.
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“It is your responsibility to determine what, if any, taxes apply to the payments you make or receive, and to collect, report, and remit the correct tax to the appropriate tax authority.”

Verifier note: panel 2/3 confirmed (agreement=1) | trimmed uncited claims (2) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — Section 16 expressly supports the first limb: users are responsible for determining applicable taxes and for collecting, reporting, and remitting them, while Ethena disclaims responsibility for determ | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The quoted text is an exact match to Section 16 ("Taxes") of the USDe Mint User Agreement: 'It is your responsibility to determine what, if any, taxes apply to the payments you make or receive, and to | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — Section 16 expressly places responsibility on the user to determine applicable taxes and to collect, report, and remit them. It further states that the Company is not responsible for determining, coll

Vehicle
Ethena (BVI) Limited (Reg. No.
More

2127704); Holds legal title to USDe reserves directly.

Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena (BVI) Limited (Registration number 2127704, Craigmuir Chambers, PO Box 71, Road Town, Tortola, VG1110, BVI)”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Legal title to the reserves associated with USDe are held by the Company, which administers the assets accordingly.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T07:56:05.579Z from rejected status | panel 1/4 confirmed (agreement=6) | trimmed uncited claims (6) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The cited terms identify Ethena (BVI) Limited with registration number 2127704 and a BVI address. The Mint User Agreement also expressly states that legal title to reserves associated with USDe is hel | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The two quotes are accurately reproduced and confirm the registration number (2127704), the BVI incorporation, and that legal title to USDe reserves is held directly by Ethena (BVI) Limited (the Compa | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — While the sources confirm that Ethena (BVI) Limited (Reg. No. 2127704) holds legal title to the reserves associated with USDe and is not a fiduciary/does not provide trust or fiduciary services, the t | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The Terms of Service identify the Company as “Ethena (BVI) Limited” with registration number 2127704. The USDe Mint User Agreement defines the Company as Ethena BVI Limited and expressly states: “Lega

Regime
Ethena GmbH's EEA/MiCA authorization application was withdrawn 2025-04-03.
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“These Terms are governed by the laws of the British Virgin Islands, without regard to conflict of laws rules”
bafin.de ↗
“Ethena GmbH withdrew this application on 3 April 2025, resulting in the termination of the authorisation procedure.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T13:59:46.468Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=2) | trimmed uncited claims (1) and re-confirmed | gpt: unsupported — BaFin confirms that Ethena GmbH withdrew its MiCA authorisation application on 3 April 2025, terminating that authorisation procedure and eliminating its ability to rely on the transitional provision. | anthropic: confirmed — The BaFin source states verbatim that 'Ethena GmbH withdrew this application on 3 April 2025, resulting in the termination of the authorisation procedure,' matching the claimed date 2025-04-03. It fur | gpt: confirmed — BaFin expressly states that Ethena GmbH applied in July 2024 for authorisation to issue USDe under MiCAR, withdrew the application on 3 April 2025, and thereby terminated the authorisation procedure.

Bankruptcy remote
NoDisputed
More
Sources · 3

false at issuer level — legal title to reserves is held directly by Ethena BVI, not a segregated trust; only the custodian/OES-provider layer is bankruptcy-remote (breadth-claude, breadth-codex, breadth-api-2)

true — backing assets are held via OES providers in bankruptcy-remote trusts or MPC wallets structured so custodian/exchange insolvency does not reach the assets (breadth-api-1)

partially true — bankruptcy-remote only at the custodian/exchange layer, not at the issuer layer where title sits with Ethena BVI (depth-issuer-legal)

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Legal title to the reserves associated with USDe are held by the Company, which administers the assets accordingly.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Protocol assets are never held in control or beneficially owned by the 'Off-Exchange Settlement' provider at any point.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Backing assets within these solutions are not owned by the custodian nor is the custodian or its creditors expected to have a legal claim on the assets. This is a result of OES providers either utilizing bankruptcy-remote trusts or MPC wallet solutions.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 63b81c2f-c9a9-4aea-bee3-e84079401483: The new claim is supported by three directly relevant citations that distinguish legal title, beneficial ownership, and bankruptcy-remoteness, and specifically identify the Company, OES providers, trusts, and MPC wallets. The incumbent has only one broader citation about exchange ownership and bankruptcy treatment.

If the issuer fails
Ordinary ('Holding User') holders have no direct, enforceable redemption right against the issuer — USDe is expressly not a claim, participation, or economic right against Ethena BVI. Only whitelisted, KYC/KYB-approved 'Mint Users' hold a contractual (unsecured) right to redeem USDe for a pro-rata share of reserve assets, capped at $1 notional per token and conditional on no adverse regulatory/court action.
More

No insolvency priority, waterfall, administrator-control, or set-off treatment for holders is disclosed; in an issuer failure, non-whitelisted holders' recourse is limited to secondary-market value.

Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“If you are a Holding User, you do not have a right to redeem USDe with Ethena BVI.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Holding Users are not customers of Ethena BVI.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T07:45:44.457Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (agreement=6) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The source clearly supports that Holding Users are not Ethena BVI customers, have no direct redemption right unless they become KYC/AML-cleared and whitelisted Mint Users, and that Mint Users may rede | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The two verbatim quotes appear exactly in the fetched Ethena USDe Terms and Conditions page. The surrounding legal claim is well supported by the same document: Section 1 explicitly states USDe 'does | google/gemini-3.6-flash: confirmed — Every material claim is directly supported by the USDe Terms and Conditions. The source document confirms that Holding Users are not customers of Ethena BVI and have no right to redeem USDe; USDe is e

✓

Custodian

Holds the underlying, independent of the issuer.

Custodians
Copper, Ceffu, Fireblocks, Kraken, Anchorage Digital (off-exchange settlement providers holding USDe backing collateral)
More
Sources · 4
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The defining mechanic of OES is the separation of custody from margining.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“depositing backing assets…does not transfer beneficial title over the assets to the provider or exchange partners.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Assets are held off-exchange with custodians including Copper, Ceffu, Cobo, and Zodia”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Backing assets remain in custody with the OES provider at all times.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 4b004d2c-f285-4867-bb88-d303562bccd6: The new claim more directly addresses who holds the backing and the segregation model: its evidence identifies OES custodians and states that assets remain with them, custody is separated from margining, and beneficial title is not transferred. The incumbent mainly describes unnamed custodians and prospective lending arrangements. Although several entities in the new claim are not supported by its cited excerpts, it remains the more direct and specific answer; neither claim supplies regulator or charter details.

✓

Independent validators

Third-party checks on the operation.

Audits
Quantstamp audited the v1 contracts on 18 October 2023 and reported no critical or high-severity issues.
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Attached is the audit report by Quantstamp completed on 18 Oct 2023. No critical or high level issues were identified.”

Verifier note: panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | trimmed uncited claims (1) and re-confirmed | gpt: unsupported — The cited page supports that Quantstamp completed an audit of Ethena's “v1 of contracts” on 18 October 2023 and that no critical or high-level issues were identified. It does not explicitly identify t | anthropic: confirmed — The archived docs.ethena.fi/resources/audits.md page contains a section 'Quantstamp Audit on v1 of contracts' stating verbatim: 'Attached is the audit report by Quantstamp completed on 18 Oct 2023. No | gpt: confirmed — The cited Ethena audits page explicitly identifies a “Quantstamp Audit on v1 of contracts,” states that the report was completed on 18 Oct 2023, and says that no critical or high-level issues were ide

Audits
Code4rena ran a public competitive audit of v1 contracts on 2023-11-13.
More
Pending verification (2)
Audits
Pashov audited: v1 contracts (2023-10-22), ENA & LP staking (2023-12-22), v2 contracts (2024-05-23), sENA (2024-09-02), and USDtb (2024-10-20); no critical or high-severity issues reported.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Pashov | v2 contracts | 23 May 2024”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“No critical or high level issues were identified”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Independent Audit by Pashov on V2 of contracts…completed on May 23th 2024.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:17:00.272Z from rejected status

Tax treatment
No special issuer-level tax structure disclosed; users are solely responsible for determining and paying their own applicable taxes, and the issuer does not issue K-1s or withhold taxes.Unverified
More
Sources · 2

Opsec

Current onchain authority configuration first, followed by documented operational controls.

Freeze authority
None
More
Sources · 1
DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
Mint authority
Unclassified program: 4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS
More
Sources · 2
DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS
Token extensions
None
More
Sources · 1
DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
Bridge configuration
None
Sources · 2
DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS
Authority multisig
None
Sources · 2
DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS
Unilateral changes
The Company may change, suspend, or discontinue platform services without notice. The Company may change transaction limits and fees without holder consent.
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Subject to Section 17 of the USDe Terms, we reserve the right to change, suspend, or discontinue any aspect of the Services or the Platform at any time, including hours of operation or availability of any feature, without notice and without liability.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Company reserves the right to change the mint, redemption, transfer, and velocity limits as we deem necessary. We may establish individual or aggregate transaction limits on the size or number of mints, redemptions, transfers or other transactions that you initiate using your status as a Mint User during any specified time period.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“we may change any of the fees that the Company charges at any time, with or without notice.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: confirmed — Sections 9, 12, and 13 expressly permit the Company to change fees at any time with or without notice, change transaction limits as it deems necessary, and change, suspend, or discontinue Services or | anthropic: confirmed — All three claimed quotes appear verbatim in the archived agreement and directly support the claim, which answers the slot question about what the issuer may change without holder consent (services, li

Upgradeability
Docs describe multisig admin control and a 7-day timelock on core-function changes but do not explicitly confirm proxy upgradeability; new contract versions (e.g., Mint/Redeem V2 on 2024-07-08) have been deployed as replacements rather than confirmed in-place upgrades.Disputed
More
Sources · 4

breadth-claude & depth-issuer-legal: docs describe multisig control and a 7-day timelock but do not explicitly state proxy upgradeability of USDe/sUSDe contracts

breadth-codex: Ethena deployed a new Mint and Redeem Contract V2 on 2024-07-08 to replace V1, with rollback capability — implies redeployment, not proxy upgrade

breadth-api-2: contracts are upgradeable via multisig admin keys subject to mandatory timelock delays

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“7 day time-locks for any change to core functions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The documentation does not explicitly specify signer thresholds for multisigs or timelock durations for any role.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena upgraded the Mint and Redeem Contract from the first version to the second version on the 8th of July 2024.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Contract upgrades require multisig approval subject to protocol timelock”

re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T18:48:20.068Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt-family: confirmed — The sources support the qualified claim. They identify the protocol multisig as DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, state that it requires seven signatures, and state that changes to core functions have a seven-day t | anthropic-family: unsupported — Two of the four cited quotes are verifiable: the '7 day time-locks for any change to core functions' quote appears verbatim in key-trust-assumptions.md, and the V2 upgrade quote ('Ethena upgraded the | kimi-family: confirmed — The hedged claim is supported by the archived sources. Multisig admin control: confirmed ('DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, granted exclusively to the protocol multisig... requires 7 signatures'; matrix shows Owne

Admin powers
Ethena's mainnet smart contracts are controlled by a 5-of-11 'Dev' multisig with authority to modify contract parameters, while separate multisigs govern reward payouts (3-of-11) and the Reserve Fund (4-of-10). Off-chain, Ethena BVI retains discretionary power to suspend or terminate Mint User status.
More

No timelock or on-chain governance delay on these multisig actions is disclosed.

Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“5/11 signers. Owner of Ethena's deployed mainnet smart contracts & able to modify contract parameters.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“the Company may: (i) suspend your status as a Mint User; (ii) terminate your status as a Mint User; or (iii) return funds.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:21:46.630Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources establish multisig thresholds and general roles, including that the 5-of-11 Dev multisig owns mainnet contracts and can modify parameters. However, they do not identify which act | anthropic: confirmed — goal-fit: The claim directly answers the slot question — who holds upgrade/parameter-control and backing powers and what gates them. Every material claim is supported by the union of the two fetched s | kimi: confirmed — Every material claim is supported by the union of sources. The Key Addresses page confirms the Dev multisig (5/11 signers, owner of mainnet contracts, able to modify parameters), the sUSDe Payout Fund

Fees

Fee

Rate

Charged by

Reserve fund allocation
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“A portion of protocol yield is directed to the Ethena Reserve Fund.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (agreement=2) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The re-fetched Reserve Fund page expressly states: “The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%.” This directly supports fee_reserve_fund_allocation = 0. The separate rewar | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The live-fetched content from docs.ethena.fi/protocol-overview/reserve-fund explicitly states: 'The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to inc

0%

—

Reserve allocation
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (agreement=2) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The re-fetched Reserve Fund page expressly states: “The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%.” This directly supports fee_reserve_allocation = 0. It also clarifies that | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The re-fetched content from docs.ethena.fi/protocol-overview/reserve-fund explicitly states: 'The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incen

0%

—

Performance
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”
app.rwa.xyz ↗
“Performance Fees 0 %”

Verifier note: confirmed — The Ethena Reserve Fund page expressly states that the ongoing percentage of protocol revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0% and that 100% is directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives. Separately, the live RWA.xyz USDe asset page lists Performance Fees as 0%. Together, these sources support the claimed absence of a currently retained performance fee, subject to the distinction that Ethena’s statement is about revenue allocation rather than using the specific label “performance fee.” | quote: "“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”"

0%

—

Reserve fund allocationVerified fee rate
0%
Reserve allocationVerified fee rate
0%
PerformanceVerified fee rate
0%
¹

Subject to change. Any update is shown in the buy form before you confirm a transaction.

Redemption

The settlement ladder for exiting your position.

  • Secondary market

    Instant
    Non-whitelisted holders — the large majority — cannot redeem with the issuer at all; their only exit is selling USDe (or sUSDe) on secondary venues such as Uniswap, Curve, Orca/Raydium, or CEXs at prevailing market price, instantly and with no minimum or cooldown.
    More
    Sources · 2
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Users can trade USDe on secondary market DEXs and centralized exchanges.”
    eco.com ↗
    “You can use decentralized liquidity pools on platforms like Uniswap or Curve to swap sUSDe for USDe instantly...However, the price may be lower than the amount you'd get by waiting out the cooldown.”

    Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 7ca3150a-1243-42c7-921a-562a1567c63c: The new claim more directly addresses a distinct exit path and specifies method, venues, timing, minimum, cooldown, and pricing. Its evidence directly supports secondary-market trading and instant sUSDe swaps, although it does not substantiate every assertion. The incumbent only establishes general availability on named CeFi venues and omits most required slot fields.

  • Direct mint

    Direct…
    Direct redemption is limited to whitelisted, KYC/KYB'd Mint Users.
    More
    Sources · 2
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “A whitelisted user provides ~$100 of USDT and receives ~100 newly-minted USDe atomically in return less the gas & execution costs to execute the hedge.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Direct Redeem USDe. Burn USDe & receive backing asset[s], subject to clearing KYC/KYB checks exclusively for approved market making counterparties.”

    Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:13:26.383Z from rejected status | panel 1/4 confirmed (agreement=5) | trimmed uncited claims (8) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched material supports only part of the statement. The Mint User Agreement requires registration, whitelisted wallet addresses, and KYC/KYB-style identity verification, so direct Mint User acce | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The fetched pages only partially back the atomic claim. Confirmed: (a) minting/redeeming carries no protocol profit — the how-usde-works page explicitly states 'Ethena earns no profit from the minting | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — While the sources confirm that direct minting/redeeming is restricted to whitelisted, KYC/KYB-verified Mint Users, that Ethena earns no profit from minting/redeeming (only charging execution/gas costs | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The Mint User Agreement makes access to Company Services contingent on Mint User status, requires a Mint User to provide a wallet address to be whitelisted, and requires identity-verification informat

Risks & protections

  • Concentration

    USDe depends on OES custodians and derivatives venues; Ethena limits exposure per provider and uses multiple providers

    ⌄
    USDe depends on OES custodians and derivatives venues; Ethena limits exposure per provider and uses multiple providers.Disputed
    More
    Sources · 3

    Add reliance on the basis trade as the core backing pillar.

    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Given that Ethena relies upon "Off-Exchange Settlement" provider solutions to hold protocol backing assets, there is a dependence upon their operational ability. This is the "Custodial Risk" we are referring to.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “These three risks are mitigated by Ethena not exposing too much backing assets to a single OES provider and ensuring concentration risk is managed.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “This limits Ethena's exposure to idiosyncratic events on any one exchange to the outstanding PnL between Off-Exchange Settlement providers' settlement cycles.”

    Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: confirmed — The sources directly address concentration in critical dependencies. Ethena states that protocol backing assets depend operationally on OES custodians, while delta-hedging derivatives are traded acros | anthropic: confirmed — The claim addresses concentration/dependency risk directly, satisfying the SLOT QUESTION. Every material element is supported by the union of sources: (1) dependence on OES custodians — custodial-risk

  • Underlying / economic

    USDe's income depends on perpetual-futures funding rates plus LST and stablecoin yield; when funding turns negative, Ethena's Reserve Fund is designed to absorb the shortfall rather than pass it to sUSDe holders

    ⌄
    USDe's income depends on perpetual-futures funding rates plus LST and stablecoin yield; when funding turns negative, Ethena's Reserve Fund is designed to absorb the shortfall rather than pass it to sUSDe holders. Funding has historically been positively biased, negative on only 17.5% of ETH days and 15.9% of BTC days over the last three years, with average annualized funding of 7.8%-9%.
    More
    Sources · 3
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “BTC and ETH funding rates have exhibited natural positive bias and contango, with an average annualized rate of between 7.8% - 9% over the last 3 years ... only 17.5% and 15.9% of days had a sum negative return for ETH and BTC.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “An Ethena reserve fund exists and will step in on occasions when the combined revenue between LST assets, such as stETH, the funding rate for a short perpetual position, the basis from short dated futures as well as potential rewards from holding liquid stables, is negative.”
    paragraph.com ↗
  • Regulatory

    BaFin alleged prospectus and MiCAR violations, prohibited Ethena GmbH's public offering, and ordered its custodians to freeze reserves

    ⌄
    BaFin alleged prospectus and MiCAR violations, prohibited Ethena GmbH's public offering, and ordered its custodians to freeze reserves.Disputed
    More
    Sources · 3

    Add US regulatory exposure and investor/jurisdiction restrictions; slot asks for registration status and restricted investors, not only one enforcement action.

    bafin.de ↗
    “Zudem macht die BaFin ihren begründeten Verdacht bekannt, dass die Ethena GmbH in Deutschland Wertpapiere ohne den erforderlichen Wertpapierprospekt öffentlich anbietet.”
    bafin.de ↗
    “Im laufenden Zulassungsverfahren hat die BaFin unter anderem gravierende Mängel in der Geschäftsorganisation sowie Verstöße gegen die Anforderungen der MiCAR etwa zur Vermögenswertreserve und zur Einhaltung der Eigenmittelanforderungen festgestellt.”
    bafin.de ↗
  • Credit / counterparty

    Exchange failure exposes USDe to unsettled PnL; institutional lending adds borrower and collateral-liquidation exposure despite overcollateralization

    ⌄
    Exchange failure exposes USDe to unsettled PnL; institutional lending adds borrower and collateral-liquidation exposure despite overcollateralization.
    More
    Sources · 4
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “This limits Ethena's exposure to idiosyncratic events on any one exchange to the outstanding PnL between Off-Exchange Settlement providers' settlement cycles.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “PnL settlement on frequent - generally daily - cycles bounds the value at risk to the exchange to the amount accumulated since the last settlement.”
    ethena.fi ↗
    “overcollateralised lending with only high-quality, immediately liquid collateral (BTC/ETH) and facing institutional counterparties that meet strict eligibility criteria.”
    ethena.fi ↗
    “Each loan is overcollateralised with defined margin call and automatic liquidation ratios, and has tenors designed to minimise liquidity risk for large USDe redemption scenarios.”
  • Custodian

    USDe's backing collateral is held off-exchange with a small set of institutional custodial/settlement providers (variously named across Ethena disclosures as Copper, Ceffu, Cobo, Zodia, Fireblocks, Kraken and Anchorage Digital) under bankruptcy-remote trust or MPC arrangements intended to keep assets outside a custodian's bankruptcy estate

    ⌄
    USDe's backing collateral is held off-exchange with a small set of institutional custodial/settlement providers (variously named across Ethena disclosures as Copper, Ceffu, Cobo, Zodia, Fireblocks, Kraken and Anchorage Digital) under bankruptcy-remote trust or MPC arrangements intended to keep assets outside a custodian's bankruptcy estate. Ethena's documentation identifies accessibility/availability, performance of operational duties, and operational failure of the custodian as the three principal custodial risks, and states it mitigates concentration by using multiple OES providers in parallel rather than relying on a single custodian.
    More
    Sources · 3
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “insolvency of a custodian would pose operational issues for the creation and redemption of USDe.”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Accessibility and Availability, Performance of Operational Duties, and Operational Failure of Custodian”
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
  • Hack / smart contract

    Compromised mint or redemption roles can execute incorrect prices; external gatekeepers can disable affected transactions and limit damage

    ⌄
    Compromised mint or redemption roles can execute incorrect prices; external gatekeepers can disable affected transactions and limit damage.Disputed
    More
    Sources · 1

    Single-source, partial-surface answer presented with near-maximal confidence.

    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Will include external trusted organisations to be gatekeepers. Limits damage on mint/redeem roles compromise. Disables mint/redeems when they execute at incorrect prices on chain.”

    Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt-family: confirmed — The issuer documentation directly states that compromised Minter/Redeemer roles may execute at incorrect on-chain prices and that gatekeepers, including external trusted organizations, can disable min | anthropic-family: confirmed — The cited Ethena docs page (issuer-docs class, an assigned required evidence class) contains the Gatekeepers row stating they 'Disable mint/redeem functionality, remove Minter, Redeemer roles' with th

  • Exit risk

    Only permissioned users can redeem directly, preventing unrestricted holders from accessing issuer redemption during market stress

    ⌄
    Only permissioned users can redeem directly, preventing unrestricted holders from accessing issuer redemption during market stress.Disputed
    More
    Sources · 1

    Add the up-to-90-day sUSDe unstaking cooldown and the admin-set/blacklist gating as material redemption-friction mechanisms during stress.

    sec.gov ↗
    “Permissioned users can also utilize the Ethena Protocol to redeem USDe for digital assets supported by the Ethena Protocol at the time a redemption is requested, typically USDC or USDT.”

    Verifier note: panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt-family: unsupported — The source supports that permissioned users may redeem USDe through the Ethena Protocol and that U.S. persons may not mint or redeem. However, it does not expressly establish that every non-permission | anthropic-family: confirmed — The source directly supports the core mechanism: it states 'Permissioned users can also utilize the Ethena Protocol to redeem USDe' and earlier notes users may mint 'Following KYC and AML checks and o | kimi-family: confirmed — The SEC submission explicitly states 'Permissioned users can also utilize the Ethena Protocol to redeem USDe' and that only KYC/AML-checked, permissioned (offshore, non-US) users may mint or redeem. T

  • Depeg / liquidity

    USDe's traded price can decouple from its roughly $1 backing value under stress or venue-specific pricing failures, and Ethena's terms explicitly disclaim any guarantee that USDe will trade at $1 on any platform

    ⌄
    USDe's traded price can decouple from its roughly $1 backing value under stress or venue-specific pricing failures, and Ethena's terms explicitly disclaim any guarantee that USDe will trade at $1 on any platform.
    More
    Sources · 2
    docs.ethena.fi ↗
    “Ethena BVI does not guarantee that the value of one (1) USDe will always or ever equal 1 USD ($1) on any platform.”
    theblock.co ↗
    “Binance compensated users $283 million following October 10, 2025 volatility that caused Ethena's synthetic dollar USDe to briefly fall to $0.65 on Binance while remaining near parity on other venues.”

    Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T18:30:41.520Z from rejected status | panel 1/4 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | trimmed uncited claims (12) and re-confirmed | gpt-family: unsupported — Ethena’s terms confirm that Holding Users cannot redeem directly unless they become whitelisted Mint Users and explicitly disclaim any guarantee that USDe will equal $1 on any platform. The claimed Bl | anthropic-family: unsupported — Only the Ethena USDe Terms page was actually fetched/archived. Its content verbatim confirms the disclaimer quote ('Ethena BVI does not guarantee that the value of one (1) USDe will always or ever equ | kimi-family: unsupported — The archived content contains only the Ethena terms page, which supports the disclaimer that Ethena BVI does not guarantee USDe will equal $1 on any platform, and indirectly supports that non-whitelis | gpt-family: confirmed — Ethena’s terms directly state that USDe may trade above or below $1 on third-party platforms, that Ethena cannot control third-party quotations or valuations, and that it does not guarantee one USDe w

Pending verification (1)
Exit risk
Direct at-par redemption is available only to whitelisted Mint Users and is contractually capped at $1.00 notional value per USDe; Ethena may decline, limit, or suspend the facility at its sole discretion without a fixed settlement SLA, and per-asset/global per-block limits further throttle direct exit volume. Staked sUSDe holders face an additional gate -- an unstaking cooldown, historically a static 7 days and now dynamic between 1 and 7 days (contractually settable up to a 90-day maximum) -- during which funds sit in the USDeSilo contract and cannot be withdrawn, pushing holders who need immediate liquidity toward the secondary market instead.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“up to a maximum amount of 1 USD in notional value.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“can set setCooldownDuration, up to a maximum value of 90 days from the unstaking request.”
x.com ↗
“Cooldown periods will vary between 1-7d periods going forward based on the composition of USDe backing in more liquid assets.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:53.543Z from rejected status

Onchain transparency

Token

Mint address
DEkqHy…wjEonT

Chain

Network
Solana

Networks & bridges

  • Supply and mint authority

    Unclassified program
    More
    Sources · 2
    DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
    4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS
  • Networks

    Solana
    More
    Sources · 2
    DEkqHyPN7GMRJ5cArtQFAWefqbZb33Hyf6s5iCwjEonT
    4x3oQtX4MhjTKGBeXDZbtTSLZ9cUWo5waN2UChAuthtS

Documents

Document
[inspection: dated; official; Document is about Ethena's USDe, matching token name and symbol; discusses USDe backing, sUSDe, and UStb, all Ethena-specific.; No mint/contract address is cited, but no conflicting address, chain, or same-ticker project appears either; identity is unambiguous]
2026-08-03
Document
Ethena domain-security incident postmortem, official engineering blog post, September 2024. [inspection: dated; official; Document is Ethena Labs' own engineering blog postmortem of the 18 September 2024 ethena.fi domain registrar takeover; Ethena is the issuer of USDe, so it directly concerns the token's issuer and its security posture.; No mint address cited, but content aligns]
2026-08-03
Document
[inspection: dated; third-party; Article profiles Guy Young, founder/CEO of Ethena Labs, and explicitly covers USDe and sUSDe, matching the token identity and official domain docs.ethena.fi.; No contract address is cited, but no conflicting chain address or same-ticker impostor appears either]
2026-08-03
Document
[inspection: dated; third-party; Article covers Ethena, the issuer of USDe, describing its delta-neutral stablecoin design which matches USDe; No mint address is cited, but no conflicting address or project either; same project, same token narrative; Document predates USDe launch (seed round,]
2026-08-03
Terms
[inspection: current; official; Announcement from @ethena, the official Ethena X account, explicitly naming USDe and sUSDe with no conflicting ticker or chain identity; Describes the sUSDe unstaking cooldown policy (dynamic 1-7 day model), a durable protocol term specific to Ethena's USDe, m]
2026-08-03
Document
Exchange-risk/Bybit hack case study, official Ethena blog post, 2025-02-25. [inspection: dated; official; Document is an Ethena Labs blog post entirely about USDe's design, backing, and redemption behavior during the February 2025 Bybit hack; token identity aligns with Ethena's USDe.; No mint/contract address is cited, but issuer, ticker, and product mechanics (mi]
2026-08-03
Document
'USDe Dynamic Allocation of Backing' — official Ethena Labs Research blog post describing the evolution of the backing allocation strategy, October 2024. [inspection: dated; official; Document is entirely about Ethena's USDe synthetic dollar, matching the token name and symbol; USDe exists on Solana, consistent with the given mint; Content details (Risk Committee formed August 2024, SOL approved as backing, UStb announced 'last month' with ]
2026-08-03
Attestation
proof-of-reserves announcement: documents the design and launch of USDe proof-of-reserves reporting
2026-08-03
Document
regulatory submission: describes USDe’s structure, issuers, redemption model, restrictions, and Ethena’s legal position
2026-08-03
Document
regulatory measure: records BaFin’s wind-up and USDe redemption instructions
2026-08-03
Document
regulatory measure: records BaFin’s supervisory action concerning Ethena GmbH and USDe under MiCAR
2026-08-03
Document
blog/proposal: USDH proposal writeup
2026-08-03
Document
blog post: USDtb launch post
2026-08-03
Attestation
regulator meeting record: preserves the official SEC meeting record involving Ethena Labs
2026-08-03
[inspection: dated; official; Document is about Ethena's USDe, matching token name and symbol; discusses USDe backing, sUSDe, and UStb, all Ethena-specific.; No mint/contract address is cited, but no conflicting address, chain, or same-ticker project appears either; identity is unambiguous]Document · 2026-08-03
Ethena domain-security incident postmortem, official engineering blog post, September 2024. [inspection: dated; official; Document is Ethena Labs' own engineering blog postmortem of the 18 September 2024 ethena.fi domain registrar takeover; Ethena is the issuer of USDe, so it directly concerns the token's issuer and its security posture.; No mint address cited, but content aligns]Document · 2026-08-03
Research appendix

Plan fulfillment

SlotStatusClasses covered
CompositionFilled-verifiedAggregator, onchain, issuer-docs
CollateralizationFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain
Yield sourceFilled-verifiedAggregator, issuer-docs
Depeg / liquidityFilled-verifiedAggregator, issuer-docs
Credit / counterpartyFilled-verifiedLegal-terms, issuer-docs, blog-announcement
NetworksFilled-verifiedOnchain
Canonical deploymentRejected-retryOnchain
Bridge providerEmptyNone
Bridge custodyEmptyNone
Oracle dependenciesEmptyOnchain
Supply and mint authorityFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs
Key managementRejected-retryIssuer-docs, onchain
Incident responseEmptyOnchain, issuer-docs, legal-terms
Monitoring and attestationEmptyIssuer-docs, attestation, aggregator
Bridge & oracleEmptyIssuer-docs
What it isFilled-verifiedAggregator, legal-terms, onchain, issuer-docs
How it worksFilled-verifiedAggregator, legal-terms, issuer-docs, onchain
CategoryFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain, aggregator
Holder's claimFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, aggregator, onchain
Underlying issuerFilled-verifiedRegulator, issuer-docs
Reserve compositionEmptyIssuer-docs
Structure & qualityFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain
Yield mechanicsFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain, legal-terms
Legal entityFilled-verifiedRegulator, issuer-docs
What the issuer doesFilled-verifiedLegal-terms, issuer-docs
LaunchedFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs
Operating historyRejected-retryIssuer-docs, regulator
Service providersFilled-verifiedRegulator, issuer-docs
RegimeFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, aggregator, regulator
VehicleFilled-verifiedNone
Bankruptcy remoteFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs
If the issuer failsFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain
Transfer restrictionsFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, aggregator, onchain
CustodiansFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain, regulator
AttestationsFilled-verifiedAttestation, issuer-docs
Attestation frequencyFilled-verifiedAttestation
AuditsFilled-verifiedAudit, aggregator
Admin powersFilled-verifiedOnchain, issuer-docs, legal-terms
UpgradeabilityFilled-verifiedOnchain
Mint authorityFilled-verifiedNone
Freeze authorityFilled-verifiedNone
Fee scheduleFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs
Exit pathsFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain
Underlying / economicFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, blog-announcement
Issuer failureRejected-retryLegal-terms, issuer-docs
CustodianFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, legal-terms
Hack / smart contractFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, onchain
RegulatoryFilled-verifiedLegal-terms, issuer-docs, regulator
Exit riskFilled-verifiedIssuer-docs, blog-announcement
Who can hold/mintRejected-retryIssuer-docs
Source documentsFilled-verifiedRegulator, issuer-docs, onchain, legal-terms, blog-announcement

Evidence gaps

Canonical deployment — searched, not found: The corpus provides neither the Ethereum token address nor Solana issuance or bridging status.

Bridge provider — searched, not found: The corpus identifies no bridge operator or bridging mechanism.

Bridge custody — searched, not found: The corpus identifies no bridge contracts, locked collateral, controllers, or signers.

Oracle dependencies — searched, not found: The corpus names no pricing or settlement oracle or oracle-failure behavior.

Key management — searched, not found: The corpus omits multisig thresholds, signer identities, key custody arrangements, and applicable timelocks.

Incident response — searched, not found: The corpus specifies no recovery playbook, notification timetable, or named incident-response authority.

Monitoring and attestation — searched, not found: The corpus identifies no Chainlink proof-of-reserves feed or dashboard update frequency.

Rejected facts

Issuer failure
Issuer failure could interrupt buying, selling, transferring, and redeeming USDe. Regulators can freeze custodied reserves and halt public offerings.Disputed
More

Self-custodied USDe remains in holder wallets, but issuer-supported redemption and reserve access may disappear.

Sources · 4

Remove f5dfb39a; the claim must stand on 2bd74802/4d4cddbf/1855c70d alone.

Confine the claim to evidenced points: service interruptions may prevent buy/sell/transfer/redeem, and regulators can freeze custodied reserves and halt public offerings.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“We do not guarantee that the Services will be available at any given time or that the Services will not be subject to unplanned service interruptions or network congestion. You may not be able to buy, sell, store, transfer, redeem, send, or receive crypto assets when you want to.”
bafin.de ↗
“Die BaFin hat der Ethena GmbH unter anderem das weitere öffentliche Anbieten ihres USDe-Tokens untersagt und das Unternehmen angewiesen, die entsprechende Vermögenswertreserve durch die Verwahrstellen einfrieren zu lassen.”
bafin.de ↗
“Im laufenden Zulassungsverfahren hat die BaFin unter anderem gravierende Mängel in der Geschäftsorganisation sowie Verstöße gegen die Anforderungen der MiCAR etwa zur Vermögenswertreserve und zur Einhaltung der Eigenmittelanforderungen festgestellt.”
sec.gov ↗
“Users of the Ethena Protocol maintain their own keys to their digital wallets and custody and control of their own digital assets, including USDe.”
Key management
Ethena Labs controls the sole ADMIN role through a multisig. Ethena may separate owner and admin roles across different multisigs.Disputed
More

Ethena assigns identical Minter and Redeemer roles to 20 addresses. Ethena and external security firms share Gatekeeper EOAs among at least three internal and three external holders. The minting contract supports multiple delegated signers through setDelegatedSigner.

Sources · 5

Confidence 0.95 is overstated relative to coverage. The slot explicitly requests multisig thresholds, signer identities/distribution, key custody, and timelocks; the value supplies none of the numeric multisig thresholds or any timelock, despite being sourced from the 'matrix-of-multisig-and-timelocks' page. The paired unknown correctly concedes these gaps, so the high confidence conflicts with the acknowledged partial coverage. 'Sole ADMIN role' is a fair read of role-count 1 but should not be conflated with a threshold.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“ADMIN Multi-Sig Ethena Labs 1”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“If desired, owner and admin can be different multi sigs”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Mint/Redeemer roles to be the same set of 20 addresses. This is to ensure the system can handle a high load of mint transaction concurrently.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“GATEKEEPER EOA Shared between Ethena Labs External Security Firms 3+ internal 3+ external”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
Canonical deployment
Ethena deploys its Minting contract on Ethereum. USDe.sol implements the ERC-20 token contract.Disputed
More
Sources · 2

Internal conflict: this slot appears as both an answered candidate and an unknown. The unknown asserts the corpus 'provides neither the Ethereum token address nor Solana issuance or bridging status,' contradicting the candidate that affirmatively places the Minting contract and USDe.sol on Ethereum. Additionally, the candidate never resolves the slot's required determination of whether the Solana instance is native or bridged (correctly, no such evidence exists), so the affirmative candidate is incomplete against the slot ask while the paired unknown double-counts it.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“You can view the deployed Ethena Minting contract on the Ethereum blockchain here .”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe.sol is the contract of USDe. It extends ERC20Burnable , ERC20Permit and Ownable2Step from OpenZeppelin.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support that EthenaMinting is deployed on Ethereum and that USDe.sol implements USDe using OpenZeppelin ERC-20 extensions. However, they neither explicitly establish Ethereum as | anthropic: confirmed — Both cited quotes are reproduced verbatim in the archived source content. The mint-and-redeem page states 'You can view the deployed Ethena Minting contract on the Ethereum blockchain here,' directly

Holder's claim
A permissioned redemption right to a proportionate share of backing assets, not a guaranteed fiat-dollar claim.Unverified
More
Sources · 4
sec.gov ↗
“Rather, the value is intended to approximate $1 utilizing the underlying delta-neutral positioning of the backing assets, and USDe is redeemable for a proportionate share of the backing assets. Furthermore, USDe is not redeemable for fiat currency.”
sec.gov ↗
“USDe is not intended to be a “stablecoin” as traditionally defined; users are not made a promise that the value of each USDe will always be $1, or that USDe will be redeemable for exactly 2 Ethena Labs and its subsidiaries operate entirely outside of the United States, and U.S. persons are not permitted to interact with the Ethena Protocol or mint or redeem USDe.”
sec.gov ↗
“Permissioned users can also utilize the Ethena Protocol to redeem USDe for digital assets supported by the Ethena Protocol at the time a redemption is requested, typically USDC or USDT.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs, S.A. (“Ethena Labs”) respectfully submits this letter in response to Commissioner Peirce’s February 21, 2025 Statement, “There Must Be Some Way Out Of Here” (the “Statement”).”

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; substance and goal-fit review required | panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — The issuer’s SEC comment letter states that permissioned users may redeem USDe, that redemption corresponds to a proportionate share of backing assets, and that USDe is neither guaranteed at $1 nor re | anthropic: confirmed — The slot asks what the holder legally owns; the claim characterizes it as a permissioned redemption right to a proportionate share of backing assets, not a guaranteed fiat claim. The source directly s | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The holder_claim is blank. The source says permissioned users may redeem USDe for supported digital assets and elsewhere describes redemption as a proportionate share of backing assets, but

Composition
The latest supplied issuer disclosure assigns 11% of backing to perpetual-futures positions. Stablecoin reserves and DeFi lending positions comprise the remaining 89%, without a further disclosed split.Unverified
More

In June 2025, Ethena described backing as crypto assets and related delta-neutral hedges.

Sources · 3
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”
sec.gov ↗
“The objective of USDe is to provide a relatively-stable fully-backed digital asset, for which the backing is comprised entirely of crypto assets and related hedging positions.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs, S.A. (“Ethena Labs”) respectfully submits this letter in response to Commissioner Peirce’s February 21, 2025 Statement, “There Must Be Some Way Out Of Here” (the “Statement”).”

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; substance and goal-fit review required | panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources substantively support the 11% perpetual-futures figure, the unsplit remainder allocated among stablecoin reserves and DeFi lending positions, and Ethena’s June 2025 description o | anthropic: confirmed — The Ethena blog directly supports the 11% perpetual-futures figure and states the rest is allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions (i.e., the remaining 89%) with no furt

What it is
USDe is an Ethereum-based synthetic dollar designed to approximate one U.S. dollar.Disputed
More

Holders receive a proportionate backing-asset redemption right, not guaranteed dollar par. Current backing combines stablecoin reserves, DeFi lending positions, and an 11% perpetual-futures allocation.

Sources · 3

Framing understates the mechanism: describing the perps as merely 'an 11% perpetual-futures allocation' omits that the delta-neutral basis trade (spot-long/perp-short) is the 'core pillar of USDe's backing' (831155ea) and the peg-stability mechanism (decd7d58, d69cea94), not a minor sleeve. Also note the corpus conflict on acquisition — CoinMarketCap evidence (8ce66b79, 810b24e7) says mint by depositing Ethereum collateral, which contradicts the SEC-letter USDC/USDT path (32c3f32c) the synthesis relied on; the resolution is defensible but the conflict is unacknowledged.

sec.gov ↗
“USDe is a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”
sec.gov ↗
“Rather, the value is intended to approximate $1 utilizing the underlying delta-neutral positioning of the backing assets, and USDe is redeemable for a proportionate share of the backing assets. Furthermore, USDe is not redeemable for fiat currency.”
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; substance and goal-fit review required | panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt: contradicted — The sources support that USDe is an Ethereum-based synthetic dollar intended to approximate $1, is not guaranteed to remain at or redeem for dollar par, and had an 11% perpetual-futures allocation on | anthropic: confirmed — goal-fit: The claim answers the slot question directly—what the token is (Ethereum-based synthetic dollar approximating $1), what a holder actually has (proportionate redemption right in backing asset

Depeg / liquidity
Thin liquidity or hedge disruption can dislocate USDe; mint-redeem arbitrage incentivizes market participants to restore its target value.Disputed
More
Sources · 3

Ground thin-liquidity claim in USDe-specific evidence and address historical peg behavior explicitly (no historical impairments).

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Crypto assets can have limited liquidity that can make it difficult or impossible to sell or exit a position when desired. This can occur at any time, especially during periods of high volatility.”
coinmarketcap.com ↗
“Ethena USDe's peg stability is maintained through delta hedging derivatives positions against protocol-held collateral, alongside a mint and redeem arbitrage mechanism.”
coinmarketcap.com ↗
“This process helps maintain the peg to the dollar by incentivizing arbitrageurs to correct any deviations in the price of USDe from its target value.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support that mint–redeem arbitrage incentivizes correction of USDe price deviations, but they do not establish that thin USDe secondary-market liquidity or hedge disruption can c | anthropic: confirmed — The slot asks what could push secondary price away from peg and the restoration mechanism. Every material claim is supported by the union of fetched sources. 'Thin liquidity' dislocating USDe is direc

Exit risk
Only approved market makers redeem directly; custodian outages, service interruptions, or network congestion can suspend redemption access.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“**Direct Redeem** *USDe*. Burn *USDe* & receive backing assets*, subject to clearing KYC/KYB checks exclusively for approved market making counterparties*. See Supplemental USDe Terms and Conditions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“While assets are held in segregated accounts, insolvency of a custodian would pose operational issues for the creation and redemption of USDe as Ethena manages the transfer of assets to alternative providers.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“We do not guarantee that the Services will be available at any given time or that the Services will not be subject to unplanned service interruptions or network congestion. You may not be able to buy, sell, store, transfer, redeem, send, or receive crypto assets when you want to.”

Verifier note: panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support that direct redemption is restricted to approved KYC/KYB-cleared market-making counterparties and that custodian failures, service interruptions, or network congestion ca | anthropic: unsupported — goal-fit: The SLOT QUESTION asks specifically about caps, windows, notice periods — the mechanics of what happens when everyone redeems at once. The claim and all three quotes are individually well-su

Hack / smart contract
Contract exploits, blockchain attacks, or compromised credentials can cause irreversible token losses despite atomic execution and signature verification.Unverified
More
Sources · 5
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“there is risk of failures, defects, hacks, exploits, protocol errors, or unforeseen circumstances that might occur in connection with a crypto asset or the technologies on which the crypto asset is based.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“a 51% attack is an attack on a blockchain by any person or group of persons who control more than 50% of the network. Attackers with majority control of a network can interrupt the recording of new blocks, alter payment history, and subvert funds.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Transactions in crypto assets are generally irreversible. As a result, losses due to fraudulent or accidental transactions may not be recoverable.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Its atomic operations ensure that tasks are either fully completed or reverted, leaving no room for partial executions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Signature Verification : The contract cryptographically verifies the signature provided by the user to ensure the authenticity of the minting or redemption order.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support general hack, exploit, blockchain-attack, credential-compromise, and transaction-irreversibility risks, and show that atomic execution and signature verification are safe | anthropic: confirmed — All five claimed quotes appear verbatim in the fetched sources. The general risk disclosures page supports hacks/exploits/protocol errors, the 51% blockchain attack description, and irreversibility of

Custodian
OES-provider failure can interrupt minting and redemption while Ethena transfers segregated assets to alternative custodians.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Given that Ethena relies upon "Off-Exchange Settlement" provider solutions to hold protocol backing assets, there is a dependence upon their operational ability. This is the "Custodial Risk" we are referring to.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“While assets are held in segregated accounts, insolvency of a custodian would pose operational issues for the creation and redemption of USDe as Ethena manages the transfer of assets to alternative providers.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Any of these abilities being unavailable or degraded would impede the trading workflows & availability of the mint / redeem USDe functionality.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 89d2b090-d2c8-472e-b60e-9bcb54416883: The incumbent directly addresses both provider failure and concentration, specifically identifying multiple OES providers and the parallel-provider mitigation. Its cited evidence supports the principal risk categories, creation/redemption disruption, and avoidance of single-custodian concentration. The new claim is narrower and well supported for operational interruption and asset transfer, but does not answer the concentration component.

Underlying / economic
Persistently negative funding requires Ethena to pay funding.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“"Funding Risk" relates to the potential of persistently negative funding rates. Ethena is able to earn revenue from funding, but could also be required to pay funding.”
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”
ethena.fi ↗
“This backing diversification includes four areas, each of which represents a natural extension of what Ethena already does today”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 5bdf244f-851b-48f4-8dbd-5d86537ef70a: The incumbent directly explains the named yield sources, the effect of negative funding, and Ethena’s disclosed Reserve Fund mitigation, with quantitative three-year funding history. Its cited evidence supports those details. The new claim is accurate but materially less specific, while its diversification citations do not further substantiate the consequence of persistently negative funding.

Audits
Cantina audited Ethena’s smart contracts during Phase 3; the evidence provides no completion date or findings.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol's smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, and Cantina, and have been the subject of public audit through Code4rena.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“**Phase 3:** phased audit with industry leading firms:\ \ -[Quantstamp](https://quantstamp.com/)\ -[Spearbit](https://spearbit.com/) & [Cantina](https://cantina.xyz/welcome)”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support that Cantina audited Ethena’s smart contracts and was listed among the Phase 3 firms, but they provide no Cantina-specific completion date. Because the slot requires both | anthropic: confirmed — The audits.md source lists Cantina under 'Phase 3: phased audit with industry leading firms: Quantstamp / Spearbit & Cantina', and llms-full.txt confirms the smart contracts 'have been audited by Zell

Audits
Zellic audited the protocol’s smart contracts; the evidence provides no completion date or findings.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol's smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, and Cantina, and have been the subject of public audit through Code4rena.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source states only that Zellic audited the protocol’s smart contracts. It provides neither a specific contract or engagement scope nor an audit completion date, so it does not supply the | anthropic: confirmed — The archived source explicitly states "The protocol's smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, and Cantina," directly supporting that Zellic audited the smart contracts. The

Upgradeability
Ethena describes the minting contract as immutable, with critical rules and operations not easily altered.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Its immutable nature guarantees that its critical rules and operations cannot be easily altered, ensuring consistency and trust in the process.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The issuer documentation calls the minting contract “immutable” and repeats the claimed wording, but it does not establish whether deployed contracts use upgrade mechanisms, who could exerci | anthropic: confirmed — The claim reports what Ethena *describes*, and the archived page contains the quoted sentence verbatim: "Its immutable nature guarantees that its critical rules and operations cannot be easily altered

Admin powers
Ethena's owner multisig controls ownership, collateral support, custodian addresses, and the USDe address. The admin multisig controls operational roles and block limits.Unverified
More

Gatekeepers can disable minting and redemption. sUSDe administrators control cooldowns and redistribution of locked sUSDe.

Sources · 6
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“transferOwnership, add/remove supported collateral asset, add/remove custodian addresses, setUSDe address”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“grant/revoke Minter, Redeemer, Gatekeeper roles”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Set max/mint mint/redeem per block”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Disable mint/redeem”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“It can set setCooldownDuration , up to a maximum value of 90 days from the unstaking request. The cooldown period is the time period from the unstaking request until the user is able to withdraw USDe .”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“It can redistribute sUSDe tokens that have been locked using resdistributeLockedAmounts.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 550cbd1a-9f19-43db-97fb-1ffc8fb8d2b4: The incumbent more directly addresses both who holds control and how it is gated: a named Dev multisig with a specific 5-of-11 threshold, separate 3-of-11 and 4-of-10 multisigs, and Ethena BVI’s off-chain suspension authority. The new claim inventories more granular operational powers, but its cited excerpts do not establish multisig thresholds, timelocks, or committee procedures, making it weaker on the slot’s process requirement.

Audits
Pashov independently audited the v2 contracts on 23 May 2024.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Attached is the audit report by Pashov completed on May 23th 2024.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 80c440c4-a256-4682-b89d-5b1ee50f3f59: Both claims directly provide the audit scope and completion date, but the incumbent is more specific by naming Pashov Audit Group, Ethena, and the V2 smart contracts; its own cited evidence supports the independent Pashov audit, V2 contract scope, and 23 May 2024 completion date. With otherwise comparable support, the incumbent also prevails under the tie rule.

Audits
Code4rena completed a public USDe v1 audit on 13 November 2023 and reported no critical or high-severity issues.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Attached is the audit report by Code4rena completed on 13 Nov 2023. No critical or high level issues were identified.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“{% embed url="<https://code4rena.com/contests/2023-10-ethena-labs#top>" %}”

Verifier note: panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — The source explicitly supports a public Code4rena audit of Ethena’s “v1 of contracts,” completed on 13 November 2023, with no critical or high-level issues identified. However, it does not explicitly | anthropic: confirmed — The archived audits.md page contains the exact section 'Public Code4rena Audit on v1 of contracts' stating 'Attached is the audit report by Code4rena completed on 13 Nov 2023. No critical or high leve | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source confirms a public Code4rena audit completed on 13 November 2023 with no critical or high-level issues, but the atomic claim omits the required scope: the audit covered Ethena’s v1

Audits
Pashov independently audited USDe v1 contracts on 22 October 2023 and reported no critical or high-severity issues.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Attached is the audit report by Pashov completed on 22 Oct 2023. No critical or high level issues were identified.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — The source explicitly supports an independent Pashov audit of Ethena’s “v1 of contracts,” completed on 22 Oct 2023, with no critical or high-level issues identified. However, it does not explicitly id | anthropic: confirmed — The archived docs.ethena.fi/resources/audits.md contains a section 'Independent Audit by Pashov on v1 of contracts' stating verbatim: 'Attached is the audit report by Pashov completed on 22 Oct 2023.

Audits
Spearbit audited USDe v1 contracts on 18 October 2023 and reported no critical or high-severity issues.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Attached is the audit report by Speabit completed on 18 Oct 2023. No critical or high level issues were identified.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — The source states that Spearbit completed an audit of Ethena’s “v1 of contracts” on 18 October 2023 and identified no critical or high-level issues. It does not explicitly identify the audited scope a | anthropic: confirmed — Under the heading 'Spearbit Audit on v1 of contracts' the archived source states verbatim: 'Attached is the audit report by Speabit completed on 18 Oct 2023. No critical or high level issues were iden

Attestations
Custodial partners attest backing values when omnibus arrangements prevent direct onchain visibility. Ethena publishes current reports in its Custodian Attestations section.Disputed
More
Sources · 1

Should be marked disputed or note the conflicting on-chain-visibility claim.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Where assets are held in omnibus arrangements that preclude direct on-chain visibility, the custodial partners publish periodic attestations - at minimum monthly - confirming the value of backing held within their solutions.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent c64d48ed-f023-42e0-905d-b91d8e8390a8: The incumbent directly identifies both the attestation providers (custodial partners) and the publication location (Ethena's Custodian Attestations resource), with its own evidence supporting each element. The new claim's cited evidence supports custodial-partner attestations but not its assertion that current reports are published in that section.

Custodians
Multiple unnamed Off-Exchange Settlement providers custody backing assets. Exchanges receive delegated margin value but cannot withdraw or rehypothecate the underlying assets.Disputed
More

Ethena controls OES deposit and withdrawal instructions.

Sources · 5

Note providers are described as regulated (per 4c56fc40), even if unnamed.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol uses multiple OES providers in parallel rather than concentrating on a single custodian.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The defining mechanic of OES is the separation of custody from margining. Backing assets remain in custody with the OES provider at all times. To support a hedging position at a centralised exchange, the OES provider delegates - but does not transfer - a notional value of those assets to the exchange as margin collateral.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The exchange recognises the delegated value for margining purposes but cannot withdraw the underlying assets. Settlement of profit and loss between exchange and custodian occurs on frequent cycles - and any payments owed by the exchange to the protocol are settled into custody at each cycle.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Custody and execution are performed by separate institutions with separate ownership, regulation, and commercial incentives. An exchange cannot redirect, restrict, or rehypothecate backing assets, because it does not hold them.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena, not the exchange, controls the instructions to deposit assets into and withdraw assets from the OES arrangement. The protocol's internal system can scale hedging exposure up or down, move assets between custodians and exchanges, or recall assets to the minting contract to support redemption activity.”
Transfer restrictions
Ethena restricts service access by country and wallet risk. Ethena may suspend Mint Users and delay suspicious transactions.Disputed
More

Ethena may change mint, redemption, transfer, and velocity limits. sUSDe restrictions do not establish equivalent USDe token-transfer controls.

Sources · 5

Add the EU/EEA sUSDe exclusion and permitted-jurisdiction limitation.

app.ethena.fi ↗
“Unfortunately, Ethena is not available in your country yet or your wallet is linked to high risk activities.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“We may, without liability to you or any third party, suspend your status as a Mint User or terminate your status as a Mint User or suspend your use of one or more of the Services in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, as determined in our sole and absolute discretion.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“We may, in our sole discretion, delay any transaction if we believe that such transaction is suspicious, may involve fraud or misconduct, violates applicable laws or payment network rules, or violates any term of this Agreement.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Company reserves the right to change the mint, redemption, transfer, and velocity limits as we deem necessary. We may establish individual or aggregate transaction limits on the size or number of mints, redemptions, transfers or other transactions that you initiate using your status as a Mint User during any specified time period.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Blacklister role is able to grant and remove Soft_restricted_staking_role or Full_restricted_staking_role assigned to an address. In practice, only Full_restricted_staking_role has been utilized. "Fully Restricted Stakers" cannot receive sUSDe.”
If the issuer fails
Ethena controls OES withdrawals and may recall backing for redemptions. Exchange failure excludes backing from the exchange estate.Unverified
More

The Reserve Fund is intended to absorb protocol losses. Suspended Mint Users may forfeit claims concerning otherwise redeemable assets.

Sources · 5
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena, not the exchange, controls the instructions to deposit assets into and withdraw assets from the OES arrangement. The protocol's internal system can scale hedging exposure up or down, move assets between custodians and exchanges, or recall assets to the minting contract to support redemption activity.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Backing assets are never held on, or owned by, the exchange. In the event of an exchange failure, the protocol's backing is not part of the exchange's estate, is not subject to its bankruptcy proceedings, and is not expected to be locked alongside other user funds.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“In the event of an exchange failure, the derivatives positions are considered closed with Ethena holding/owing no further obligation to the exchange estate.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“If the protocol were to suffer a loss due to funding or another reason, Ethena&#x27;s Reserve Fund is intended to bear the cost, rather than the staking contract.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Upon closure or suspension of your status as a Mint User, you authorize the Company to cancel or suspend pending transactions and forfeit all proprietary rights and claims against the Company in relation to any assets otherwise eligible for redemption.”
Vehicle
Ethena GmbH acted as the German MiCAR applicant and issuer subject to BaFin's reserve measures.Disputed
More
Sources · 2

Reframe as 'issuer entity = Ethena GmbH (Germany)'; no holder-protective wrapper is evidenced.

bafin.de ↗
“Die Ethena GmbH hatte am 29. Juli 2024 den Antrag zur Zulassung gestellt.”
bafin.de ↗
“Anweisung zur Sperrung der Vermögenswertreserve für die durch die Ethena GmbH emittierten Token („Einfrieren der Vermögenswerte“) Beschränkung der Verfügungsbefugnis der Geschäftsleiter der Ethena GmbH in Bezug auf diese Vermögenswertreserve”

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; trusted tier 1 evidence requires substance and goal-fit review | panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: BaFin confirms that Ethena GmbH, based in Frankfurt am Main, applied for MiCAR authorization, issued USDe in Germany, and was subject to reserve-related measures. However, this describes the | anthropic: confirmed — Both claimed quotes appear verbatim in the fetched BaFin consumer notice. The source explicitly identifies Ethena GmbH (seated in Frankfurt am Main) as the issuer ("Emittentin") of the asset-reference

Regime
Ethena GmbH applied for MiCAR authorization on 29 July 2024 under the transitional asset-referenced-token regime. BaFin froze its asset reserve on 21 March 2025 and temporarily stopped direct redemptions through Ethena GmbH.Unverified
More
Sources · 5
bafin.de ↗
“Danach dürfen Emittenten, die vermögenswertereferenzierte Token nach geltendem Recht vor dem 30. Juni 2024 ausgegeben haben, damit fortfahren, bis ihnen eine Zulassung erteilt oder verweigert wird. Voraussetzung: Sie haben eine solche Zulassung vor dem 30. Juli 2024 beantragt.”
bafin.de ↗
“Die Ethena GmbH hatte am 29. Juli 2024 den Antrag zur Zulassung gestellt.”
bafin.de ↗
“Anweisung zur Sperrung der Vermögenswertreserve für die durch die Ethena GmbH emittierten Token („Einfrieren der Vermögenswerte“) Beschränkung der Verfügungsbefugnis der Geschäftsleiter der Ethena GmbH in Bezug auf diese Vermögenswertreserve”
bafin.de ↗
“Inhaber von USDe-Token können diese vorübergehend nicht mehr bei der Ethena GmbH rücktauschen. Der Handel mit USDe-Token auf dem Sekundärmarkt bleibt jedoch von den Maßnahmen der BaFin derzeit unberührt.”
bafin.de ↗
“Die BaFin ist für Zulassungsverfahren unter MiCAR die in Deutschland zuständige Behörde. Eingebunden in das Verfahren sind die Europäische Zentralbank ( EZB ), die Europäische Bankenaufsichtsbehörde ( EBA ) und die Europäische Wertpapier- und Marktaufsichtsbehörde ( ESMA ), mit denen die BaFin im Kontakt steht.”
Incidents & track record
Ethena reports no historical backing impairments, Reserve Fund utilization, or critical issues under its historical framework.Disputed
More
Sources · 1

The 'no impairments / no incidents' assertion cites 66e21cc4, which is absent from the provided corpus; no present evidence substantiates a clean-history statement. Confidence 0.82 is unsupported by the evidence shown.

ethena.fi ↗
“While the historical framework for USDe has not resulted in any impairments of the backing, utilisation of the Reserve Fund, or critical issues”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent cd268f80-38c5-4c45-9aa7-42b623af4d25: The incumbent directly identifies a specific enforcement action involving Ethena GmbH, names the relevant regulator and successor entity, and provides an exact effective date. Its cited BaFin evidence directly supports the claims-transfer detail. The new claim is a broader issuer-reported absence of certain operational impairments and does not address all incident categories in the slot.

Key people
Guy Young founded Ethena and currently serves as CEO. Zach Rosenberg serves as General Counsel.Disputed
More

The corpus documents no dated departure or role change for Young.

Sources · 2

Corpus names only Arthur Hayes (79a59c9b) as the concept author, not as an Ethena executive.

coinmarketcap.com ↗
“With a robust background in traditional finance, Guy Young serves as the CEO and founder, leading the charge in creating this fully-backed on-chain stablecoin.”
sec.gov ↗
“Zach Rosenberg General Counsel Ethena Labs June 11, 2025”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — The CoinMarketCap content explicitly identifies Guy Young as Ethena Labs’ founder and CEO, and the SEC submission identifies Zach Rosenberg as General Counsel of Ethena Labs on June 11, 2025. However, | anthropic: confirmed — The claim answers the SLOT QUESTION (founders/executives publicly tied to the product). Source 1 (CoinMarketCap) explicitly states 'Guy Young serves as the CEO and founder' of Ethena Labs/USDe, suppor

Service providers
Copper, Ceffu, Kraken, and Anchorage Digital provide off-exchange custody. Binance, Bybit, Bitget, Deribit, and OKX host derivatives positions.Unverified
More

Morrison Cohen LLP represented Ethena Labs, S.A. before the SEC Crypto Task Force.

Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena holds its backing assets with a small set of regulated, institutional-grade custody providers - Copper, Ceffu, Kraken and Anchorage Digital - through arrangements collectively referred to as **Off-Exchange Settlement (OES)**.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena utilizes derivatives positions to offset the delta of the protocol backing assets. These derivatives positions are traded upon CeFi exchanges such as Binance, Bybit, Bitget, Deribit, and Okx.”
sec.gov ↗
“Re: Meeting with Representatives of Ethena Labs, S.A. and Morrison Cohen LLP”

Verifier note: panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The issuer documentation supports Copper, Ceffu, Kraken, and Anchorage Digital as off-exchange custody providers, which answers the slot question. The derivatives exchanges and Morrison Cohe | anthropic: unsupported — goal-fit: The SLOT QUESTION asks for named custodians, administrators, auditors, or banks serving the product. The custody portion of the claim is confirmed and goal-fitting: the llms-full.txt archive

Launched
2024-02-01Disputed
More
Sources · 1

Day-level precision '2024-02-01' is invented; the sole citation 5edb019c is absent from the corpus and no provided evidence states a February 2024 launch. Corpus only supports the March 2023 Hayes 'Dust on Crust' concept (79a59c9b).

sec.gov ↗
“USDe is a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”

Verifier note: panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — The issuer document states only that USDe was “launched in February 2024.” It does not identify February 1, 2024, so the claimed day-level precision is unsupported. | anthropic: unsupported — The source states USDe was "launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary," which supports the month and year but not the specific day. The claimed value 2024-02-01 asserts February 1 precise

What the issuer does
Ethena develops synthetic-dollar infrastructure and issues USDe alongside the sUSDe savings asset. Its product suite also includes USDtb and whitelabel infrastructure.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena is a synthetic dollar protocol built on crypto rails, issuing USDe - a fully backed, dollar-denominated digital asset - alongside sUSDe, the protocol's autonomously and permissionlessly created globally accessible savings asset.”
app.ethena.fi ↗
“* [USDe](https://app.ethena.fi/) * [USDtb](https://usdtb.money/) * [Whitelabel](https://whitelabel.ethena.fi/)”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent d15c2632-d9b2-4357-bcb7-fbd550ac9afb: The incumbent more specifically describes Ethena’s Ethereum-based on-chain and off-chain infrastructure, names its products, and explains how USDe fits the business model through delta-neutral backing and proportional asset redemption rather than fiat redemption. These details are directly supported by its own SEC and transparency-dashboard evidence; the new claim adds sUSDe but provides less detail about the company’s operating model.

Holdings
USDC, USDT, and USDtb are eligible liquid backing assets; individual weights are dynamic and undisclosed.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol holds a portion of its backing in liquid, fiat-referenced stablecoins - such as USDC, USDT, and USDtb - that already maintain a stable dollar value using fiat (and equivalent) reserves and therefore do not require a derivatives hedge.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The allocation to liquid stablecoins is dynamic. It is increased or decreased in response to redemption patterns, market conditions, and the relative attractiveness of other backing strategies.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source identifies USDC, USDT, and USDtb only as examples of liquid stablecoins held by the protocol and says the aggregate allocation is dynamic. It does not provide one dated fact per h | anthropic: confirmed — Both claimed quotes appear verbatim in the archived source. The page names USDC, USDT, and USDtb as liquid, fiat-referenced stablecoins held as backing, and states 'The allocation to liquid stablecoin

Collateralization
100%Disputed
More
Sources · 3

Value is bare '100%' and omits the maintaining mechanism the slot requests (delta-neutral short hedges of equivalent notional). It also drops the qualification in the sole present source (1a8bafc6): 1:1 collateralization only 'in the majority of market conditions.' Companion citations e9985f7b present but a6d39079 absent.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Since the backing assets can be perfectly hedged (in most market conditions) with a short position of equivalent notional, USDe only requires 1:1 "collateralization" in the majority of market conditions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Each unit of USDe is backed by assets held by the protocol. Virtually every dollar of backing remains productive, generating revenue through the strategies described below, and USDe scales without the onerous collateral buffers required by other decentralised stablecoin designs.”
sec.gov ↗
“At all times, the assets held in the Reserve back the amount of outstanding Covered Stablecoins on at least a one-for-one basis.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — Ethena discloses 1:1 collateralization only "in the majority of market conditions," maintained by pairing volatile backing assets with approximately equivalent-notional short derivatives. This does no | anthropic: confirmed — The slot asks for the disclosed collateralization/backing ratio and the maintaining mechanism. The Ethena crypto-basis-trade doc explicitly states 'USDe only requires 1:1 "collateralization" in the ma

Structure & quality
Volatile assets receive approximately equal-notional short hedges. Stablecoins and short-duration real-world assets require no hedge.Disputed
More

Current perpetual exposure equals 11% of backing. Disclosed materials provide no consolidated maturity or credit-quality schedule.

Sources · 3

'Current perpetual exposure equals 11% of backing' relies on absent evidence 07478e82 and contradicts the disclosed 90% perpetual futures allocation (2091256a).

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Volatile assets, such as spot crypto, tokenized equities, and tokenised commodities, are paired with corresponding short futures positions in approximately the same notional size, so that movements in the value of the spot asset are generally offset by movements in the value of the hedge.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Stable assets held within the portfolio - liquid stablecoins and short-duration real-world assets - already hold a stable dollar value and require no hedge. The combined position is a delta-neutral backing whose synthetic dollar value remains relatively stable across most market conditions.”
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The hedge mechanics are supported by issuer documentation but do not answer the slot’s requested duration/maturity, credit-quality, or concentration disclosure. The 11% perpetual-futures all | anthropic: confirmed — The claim addresses the slot question (concentration and disclosed maturity/credit-quality profile): it cites the 11% perpetual concentration and explicitly notes the absence of a consolidated maturit

Category
Synthetic-dollarUnverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena's USDe is **not** the same as a fiat stablecoin like USDC or USDT. USDe is a synthetic dollar, backed with crypto assets and corresponding short futures positions.”
sec.gov ↗
“However, unlike stablecoins, they are not backed by fiat currencies or physical commodities, but by cryptocurrencies”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 2a724b52-14e0-477a-af63-1ec63580d96c: Both classify the underlying asset as a synthetic dollar, but the incumbent is more specific: it identifies the crypto-native, delta-neutral collateralization and clearly distinguishes USDe from its staked wrapper, sUSDe. Its cited evidence directly supports both the synthetic-dollar classification and the wrapper distinction.

How it works
Approved counterparties mint USDe with accepted reserve assets after KYC/KYB checks. Other users trade USDe through external markets.Unverified
More

Permitted holders stake into sUSDe for discretionary rewards, then unstake back into USDe.

Sources · 4
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“**Direct Mint** *USDe*. Transfer accepted reserve assets and receive *USDe, subject to clearing KYC/KYB checks exclusively for approved market making counterparties*. See Supplemental USDe Terms and Conditions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“**Permissionless Acquire** *USDe.* Access external AMM pools to acquire or dispose of *USDe* with assets such as USDT or USDC.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“**Stake & Unstake** *USDe*. Receive rewards from protocol revenue. *Available exclusively for users in permitted jurisdictions.*”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“When a user unstakes his or her *USDe*, the user receives an amount of *USDe* equal to the initial amount staked plus their share of rewards deposited in the staking contract as rewards while that user's *USDe* was staked, as reflected in the *USDe* value increase of *sUSDe*.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent d74e1af4-bdf6-4158-b34c-f00ef7da5aa4: The incumbent directly covers the full holder lifecycle: permissioned acquisition by minting USDe with USDC or USDT after KYC/AML checks, value accrual through staking USDe for reward-accruing sUSDe while USDe itself targets approximately $1, and exit through redemption for proportionate backing assets, typically USDC or USDT. Its own evidence supports each step and provides more specific assets, compliance checks, settlement mechanics, and redemption terms. The new claim covers secondary-market acquisition and unstaking but omits direct protocol redemption and characterizes rewards as discretionary without that qualification being established by its cited excerpts.

Regulatory
Ethena excludes U.S. persons from protocol access, minting, and redemption.Unverified
More

Direct minting uses private reverse solicitation for offshore qualified participants.

Sources · 2
sec.gov ↗
“USDe is not intended to be a “stablecoin” as traditionally defined; users are not made a promise that the value of each USDe will always be $1, or that USDe will be redeemable for exactly 2 Ethena Labs and its subsidiaries operate entirely outside of the United States, and U.S. persons are not permitted to interact with the Ethena Protocol or mint or redeem USDe.”
sec.gov ↗
“USDe is minted on a private, reverse-solicitation basis by exclusively off-shore institutional firms and high net worth individuals with a need or use for it in their respective businesses.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent bf2d0bb7-3a99-45ca-a9a8-2a9c464e5722: The incumbent directly addresses concrete regulatory action and holder impact, naming BaFin, Ethena GmbH, Ethena (BVI) Limited, Germany/EU, specific dates, and a €600,000 fine. Its cited BaFin evidence supports the prohibition, serious authorisation deficiencies, fine, and post-6 August 2025 claims limitation. The new claim addresses access restrictions and offshore minting eligibility but does not establish registration status, plausible enforcement actions, or consequences for holders.

Unilateral changes
The DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE can set the unstaking cooldown up to 90 days without holder consent. It can rescue non-USDe ERC20 tokens to an Ethena-controlled address.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“It can set setCooldownDuration , up to a maximum value of 90 days from the unstaking request. The cooldown period is the time period from the unstaking request until the user is able to withdraw USDe .”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“It can rescue tokens using rescueTokens to move any ERC20 tokens ( except USDe ) to an address Ethena Labs controls. This has been implemented in case a user accidentally sends non- USDe assets to the Ethena Staking contract.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source states that DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE can set the cooldown duration up to 90 days and rescue non-USDe ERC20 tokens to an Ethena-controlled address. However, it does not expressly state t | anthropic: confirmed — Both claimed quotes match the archived source verbatim. The source states DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE 'can set setCooldownDuration, up to a maximum value of 90 days from the unstaking request' and 'can rescue

Holdings
The Reserve Fund provides additional safety beyond USDe backing. Ethena currently allocates 0% of protocol revenue to this fund.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Reserve Fund is a pool of assets held by the protocol as an additional margin of safety for USDe.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Reserve Fund was funded with a portion of the revenue generated by the protocol during periods of high revenue”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source confirms the Reserve Fund's safety-buffer role and the current 0% protocol-revenue allocation, but the claim does not provide one disclosed holding's weight or description with an | anthropic: confirmed — The archived source verbatim supports all three quoted statements: the Reserve Fund is described as 'a pool of assets held by the protocol as an additional margin of safety for USDe' (supporting 'addi

Yield mechanics
USDe holders must stake USDe to receive sUSDe. The staking contract accrues USDe rewards, increasing each sUSDe holder's claim.Disputed
More

USDe itself does not automatically distribute protocol yield.

Sources · 2

Relies on evidenceIds 584c9564 and 1e2fc828, neither present in the supplied evidence; the staking/rebase mechanics are unverifiable against the provided corpus.

sec.gov ↗
“users can stake USDe in exchange for sUSDe, which is a distinct asset issued autonomously via an immutable smart contract and that accrues rewards in the form of USDe sourced from the revenue generated from the Ethena Protocol reserves.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Rewarder role is able to transfer in USDe rewards, growing the balance of USDe in the Ethena Staking contract.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 051af420-3b67-45bb-92fd-687034a89a4c: The new claim more completely answers the slot by identifying the required staking step, NAV-per-share accrual mechanism, and unstaking cooldown. Each point is directly supported by its own cited evidence. Neither claim states a reward frequency, but the new claim is more specific overall.

Credit / counterparty
Ethena exposes backing to stablecoins, DeFi lending, and planned overcollateralized institutional borrowers secured through third-party custody.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
ethena.fi ↗
“perpetual futures positions make up just 11% of the USDe backing today, with the rest allocated to a variety of stablecoin reserve and DeFi lending positions.”
ethena.fi ↗
“These agreements contemplate Ethena lending stablecoins from the USDe backing to facilitate overcollateralised lending originated by the entities mentioned above held in secured triparty custody.”
ethena.fi ↗
“Each loan is overcollateralised with defined margin call and automatic liquidation ratios, and has tenors designed to minimise liquidity risk for large USDe redemption scenarios.”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 0c1c0414-6c8f-4364-8e9b-acb32447036c: The incumbent directly identifies derivative exchanges as counterparties whose failure creates holder exposure. The new claim describes asset allocations and a planned lending structure but does not identify the borrowers, custodians, or other failure-sensitive counterparties; its cited evidence therefore answers the slot less directly.

Caps / gates
Ethena restricts direct redemption to permissioned offshore institutional firms and high-net-worth individuals; disclosed evidence specifies no numerical cap.Disputed
More
Sources · 2

Value collapses cap into eligibility; slot left effectively unanswered on windows/notice/overflow behavior.

sec.gov ↗
“USDe is minted on a private, reverse-solicitation basis by exclusively off-shore institutional firms and high net worth individuals with a need or use for it in their respective businesses.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs and its subsidiaries operate entirely outside of the United States, and U.S. persons are not permitted to interact with the Ethena Protocol or mint or redeem USDe.”

Verifier note: panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt-family: unsupported — The source expressly says minting is limited to offshore institutional firms and high-net-worth individuals, that users undergo KYC/AML and permissioning, and that “permissioned users” may redeem. How | anthropic-family: confirmed — The source states minting is done 'by exclusively off-shore institutional firms and high net worth individuals' following KYC/AML checks and permissioning, and that 'Permissioned users can also utiliz | gpt-family: unsupported — The cited passages establish who may mint or redeem and exclude U.S. persons, but they do not state whether a numerical redemption cap exists. The supplied archive is also incomplete (ending during pa

Exit paths
Holders sell USDe through external pools; settlement, minimums, caps, gates, and protocol fees remain undisclosed.Disputed
More
Sources · 2

Characterization outruns the quoted evidence, which describes minting rather than secondary selling.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Mint USDe using USDT from Ethena.”
coinmarketcap.com ↗
“This process helps maintain the peg to the dollar by incentivizing arbitrageurs to correct any deviations in the price of USDe from its target value.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2, disputed) | gpt-family: contradicted — Ethena’s documentation expressly describes protocol redemption, not only secondary-market sales: authorized, whitelisted users may redeem USDe on demand through the protocol mint-and-redeem contract a | anthropic-family: confirmed — Both cited quotes are accurate. The Ethena docs verbatim contain 'Mint USDe using USDT from Ethena.' and explicitly describe external secondary markets: 'An external market includes all centralized &

Backers
CoinMarketCap tags USDe as part of the YZi Labs Portfolio; investment terms and status are undisclosed.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
coinmarketcap.com ↗
“Tags YZi Labs Portfolio EigenLayer Ecosystem Plasma Ecosystem Show all”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent ff3563fb-7cff-4129-83fd-51d7a6fb445c: The new claim is substantially more specific, naming nine investors, and its own cited evidence directly supports those names across the reported funding round and SEC filing. The incumbent only cites a broad CoinMarketCap portfolio tag and expressly lacks investment terms or status.

Operating history
Ethena launched USDe in February 2024. Ethena later added USDtb and whitelabel products.Unverified
More

Ethena reports no backing impairment, Reserve Fund use, or critical historical-framework issue through its undated diversification publication.

Sources · 3
sec.gov ↗
“USDe is a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”
app.ethena.fi ↗
“* [USDe](https://app.ethena.fi/) * [USDtb](https://usdtb.money/) * [Whitelabel](https://whitelabel.ethena.fi/)”
ethena.fi ↗
“While the historical framework for USDe has not resulted in any impairments of the backing, utilisation of the Reserve Fund, or critical issues”

Verifier note: panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2) | gpt-family: unsupported — The SEC submission confirms that USDe launched in February 2024. Ethena’s transparency page lists USDe, USDtb, and Whitelabel as products, but it does not establish that USDtb and Whitelabel were adde | anthropic-family: contradicted — The three substantive operating-history facts are supported: the SEC letter states USDe was 'launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary'; the transparency page lists USDe, USDtb, and White

Legal entity
An unidentified Ethena Labs subsidiary launched USDe. Ethena Labs, S.A.Disputed
More

Is a Portuguese private limited liability company that developed USDe infrastructure.

Sources · 4

The supplied evidence identifies the launching entity only as an Ethena Labs subsidiary.

The supplied evidence identifies Ethena Labs, S.A. as the protocol developer, not conclusively as token issuer.

Omits Ethena (BVI) Limited (ev:1c62ce24), a named affiliate issuing the privacy policy, which is directly relevant to the disputed question of which subsidiary/entity operates the product. The dispute treats only 'unidentified subsidiary' vs 'Ethena Labs, S.A.' and ignores the BVI entity.

sec.gov ↗
“USDe is a digital asset commonly referred to as a synthetic dollar, launched in February 2024 by an Ethena Labs subsidiary.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs is a private limited liability company incorporated in, and domiciled in, Portugal.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs developed the on-chain and off-chain infrastructure for the Ethena Protocol and the digital asset USDe.”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs, S.A. | ethena.fi”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to 7810df3d-db43-4749-92fb-e87bd8c47de1: The incumbent is more specific and closer to the issuer_entity slot: it names Ethena (BVI) Limited with registration and jurisdiction details and identifies Ethena GmbH as the EEA issuer. The new claim only says an unidentified subsidiary launched US

Holdings
USDtb is Ethena's primary disclosed vehicle for tokenized T-bill and adjacent-RWA allocations.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena has already allocated to RWAs via tokenised T-Bills and adjacent assets, primarily through our USDtb product”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent 1657c5f7-1142-445c-9bee-458716331f74: The new claim is more specific because it identifies the issuer and an effective date, and its cited Ethena documentation directly states both facts. The incumbent is supported but uses the less precise qualifier “primarily” without a date or quantified allocation.

Bankruptcy remote
NoUnverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Legal title to the reserves associated with USDe are held by the Company, which administers the assets accordingly.”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The agreement states that Ethena BVI Limited holds legal title to USDe-associated reserves and is not acting as a fiduciary or trust custodian. That may be relevant to insolvency exposure, but it does | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The quoted clause states that 'Legal title to the reserves associated with USDe are held by the Company, which administers the assets accordingly.' This directly indicates that reserve assets sit on t

Holdings
Tokenized short-duration government debt, expanding into liquid fixed income and credit instruments approved by the Risk Committee.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“high-liquidity real-world assets beyond treasury bills - including tokenised, liquid fixed income and credit instruments”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:12:59.635Z from rejected status | panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source describes Ethena’s RWA asset categories and approval framework, but the slot requires one fact per disclosed holding—its weight or description and an as-of date. No specific holdi | anthropic: confirmed — The source directly supports each element of the description. It states Ethena's RWA exposure 'has historically centred on tokenised short-duration government debt' and that 'The protocol is extending | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the slot requires one fact per disclosed holding with a weight/description and an as-of date; the claim provides no weight and no as-of date. Additionally, the source states eligible RWA pro

Holdings
Delta-neutral spot crypto paired with short derivatives.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Volatile assets, such as spot crypto and tokenised commodities, are paired with a corresponding short derivatives position so that the combined position is delta-neutral.”
unchainedcrypto.com ↗
“Perpetual futures now make up just 11% of total backing”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:13:43.524Z from rejected status | panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The Ethena documentation supports the basis-trade description—volatile spot assets paired with corresponding short derivatives to create a delta-neutral position—but it provides no as-of dat | anthropic: confirmed — The value describes holding_basis_trade as 'Delta-neutral spot crypto paired with short derivatives.' The archived Ethena docs page states nearly verbatim: 'Volatile assets, such as spot crypto and to | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the Ethena docs quote describes the crypto basis trade mechanism (spot crypto paired with short derivatives, delta-neutral), which matches the claim text, but the slot question requires a di

Holdings
Overcollateralized lending to institutional counterparties, one of several backing categories introduced during Ethena's 2025-2026 reserve diversification.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:05:39.369Z from rejected status | panel 0/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source confirms that Institutional Lending means “overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties,” but the claim does not provide a disclosed holding weight or an as-of date | anthropic: unsupported — The core description and quote are exactly confirmed: the source states "Institutional Lending - overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties." However, the claim appends "introduced dur | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the source confirms the phrase 'overcollateralised lending to institutional counterparties' as a backing category, but the slot question requires a weight/description with an as-of date, and

Yield source
Protocol revenue comes from the funding and basis spread earned on delta-neutral hedged crypto (and increasingly non-crypto) positions, consensus/execution staking rewards on liquid-staking tokens, interest from overcollateralized DeFi and institutional lending, coupon income from tokenized real-world assets, and rewards on liquid stablecoin holdings (e.g., USDC). Ethena retains this revenue at the protocol level and distributes net income only to sUSDe stakers; negative-revenue periods are absorbed by the Reserve Fund rather than passed through.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The funding and basis earned on delta-neutral basis trades, in crypto markets and, increasingly, in non-crypto markets such as tokenised commodities.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol revenue is derived from: 1. The funding and basis spread…2. The rewards earned from liquid stable backing assets. 3. Staked ETH assets receiving consensus and execution layer rewards.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“sUSDe accrues only positive or flat rewards - periods of negative protocol revenue are absorbed by the Reserve Fund.”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=4) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched Protocol Revenue page supports funding/basis income (including tokenised commodities), overcollateralized DeFi and institutional lending, tokenized-RWA yield, liquid-stablecoin rewards, an | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: contradicted — Most elements of the yield-source claim are directly confirmed by the freshly fetched protocol-revenue.md page (funding/basis spread on crypto and non-crypto delta-neutral trades, overcollateralized D | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The fetched documentation lists protocol revenue sources as funding and basis spread, DeFi and institutional lending revenue, real-world asset yield, and liquid stablecoin rewards. It does not mention

Exit paths
Permissioned (KYC/AML-cleared) users may redeem USDe directly through Ethena Protocol smart contracts for supported digital assets (typically USDC/USDT), with the protocol's execution system unwinding hedges to source the payout; users may otherwise sell on secondary markets.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe can be acquired on the secondary market or minted directly through the Ethena protocol.”
sec.gov ↗
“Permissioned users can also utilize the Ethena Protocol to redeem USDe for digital assets supported by the Ethena Protocol at the time a redemption is requested, typically USDC or USDT.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:04:59.630Z from rejected status | panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=2) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support direct redemption by permissioned users into supported digital assets, typically USDC or USDT, but the value does not provide settlement timing, minimum, caps, or fee as | anthropic: unsupported — goal-fit: The SLOT QUESTION requires each redemption path to be specified as method + settlement timing + minimum + caps/gates + fee. The archived sources confirm the METHOD only: the SEC memo states

Audits
Ethena Core Contracts undergo third-party security audits, documented on the protocol's audits resource page.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Security is the most important focus”

Verifier note: panel 0/1 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched llms.txt only indexes an “Audits” resource page with the description “Security is the most important focus.” It does not state that Ethena Core Contracts were audited, identify any third-p

Fee schedule
0Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe is a synthetic dollar that does not earn rewards.”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The cited page states that unstaked USDe does not earn rewards and describes staking reward mechanics, but it does not state a management-fee rate or say that management fees are zero. A zero fee cann | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The cited quote only states that unstaked USDe does not earn rewards and that staking is required to receive rewards - it says nothing about a 'management fee' charged by the protocol. There is no exp | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The provided source text discusses USDe staking and rewards mechanism but does not mention management fees or state that fee_management is 0.

Fee schedule
0Disputed
More
Sources · 2

0% — depth-structure-flows: 'Ethena earns no profit from the minting or redeeming of USDe'; only slippage/execution costs are embedded in price, no explicit protocol fee.

Variable, nonzero cost-recovery fee — breadth-api-2: 'Ethena may apply mint and redeem fees to cover trading and settlement costs.'

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena earns no profit from the minting or redeeming of USDe.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena may apply mint and redeem fees to cover trading and settlement costs.”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=1, disputed) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: contradicted — The fetched documentation explicitly states that “Slippage & execution fees are included in the price when minting & redeeming” and that a minter receives USDe “less the gas & execution costs” needed | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: contradicted — The re-fetched page explicitly states that a mint involves the user receiving USDe 'less the gas & execution costs to execute the hedge' and that 'Slippage & execution fees are included in the price w | google/gemini-3.6-flash: contradicted — The claim states that the mint/redeem fee is 0, but the cited documentation explicitly states that execution fees, gas, and slippage are incurred and included in the price when minting and redeeming U

Audits
Chaos Labs performed an economics/financial-risk audit of the protocol's system design (not a code audit); Chaos Labs also serves as a Proof-of-Reserves attestor.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“economics audit and financial risk audit”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched Ethena audits page confirms that Chaos Labs conducted an “economic and financial risk audit” and labels the materials “Economics Audit and Risk Analysis by Chaos Labs on System Design,” su | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The docs page confirms the first part of the claim: Chaos Labs conducted an 'economics audit and financial risk audit' / 'Economics Audit and Risk Analysis by Chaos Labs on System Design' (Phase 6), d | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The provided text confirms that Chaos Labs conducted an economic and financial risk audit on Ethena's system design. However, the text does not state or mention that Chaos Labs serves as a Proof-of-Re

Tax treatment
No issuer-level or entity-level tax structure is disclosed; users are solely responsible for determining, reporting, and paying any taxes arising from their use of USDe.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“You are solely responsible for reporting and paying any taxes arising from your use of USDe or the USDe Services...”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“responsibility to report and pay any taxes”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (agreement=2) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: contradicted — The sources support that users are responsible for determining applicable taxes and for reporting and paying taxes arising from transactions. However, the General Risk Disclosures expressly state that | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The fetched General Risk Disclosures page directly supports the core claim: it states 'You are responsible for determining the taxes to which you may be subject... It is your responsibility to report

Holdings
Tokenized short-duration government debt (T-bills) and liquid fixed-income/credit instruments.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“historically centred on tokenised short-duration government debt”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to 7d3dc935-3dff-4ae7-a477-598fb555694b: The new claim more specifically describes the RWA backing portfolio’s historical focus, expansion, selection criteria, and role, all directly supported by its cited evidence. The incumbent is accurate but less complete.

Holdings
Spot crypto assets paired with an equal-notional short derivatives position to remain delta-neutral.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Volatile assets, such as spot crypto and tokenised commodities, are paired with a corresponding short derivatives position so that the combined position is delta-neutral”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:13:21.886Z from rejected status | panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source supports the general strategy description—volatile spot crypto assets are paired with corresponding, equivalent-notional short derivatives positions to create a delta-neutral hedg | anthropic: confirmed — The cited page states verbatim that 'Volatile assets, such as spot crypto and tokenised commodities, are paired with a corresponding short derivatives position so that the combined position is delta-n | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the slot requires a weight/description with an as-of date, and the claim supplies no as-of date, so it does not fully answer the slot question. The description itself is otherwise well suppo

Source documents
USDe Mint User Agreement — governs KYC/KYB whitelisting and direct mint/redeem terms; excludes US persons (separate EEA and non-EEA variants exist).Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Users in the United States are not eligible to become a Mint User.”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched agreement confirms that Mint User registration involves KYC/KYB-style identity verification and screening, wallet-address whitelisting, and that “Users in the United States are not eligibl | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The fetched text does directly confirm the exclusion of US persons ("Users in the United States are not eligible to become a Mint User") and generally describes KYC/KYB identity‑verification and eligi | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — While the quote "Users in the United States are not eligible to become a Mint User." is exact, and the text confirms that the agreement governs KYC/KYB whitelisting and excludes US persons, the live t

Audits
Listed as a smart-contract security auditor alongside Zellic, Spearbit, Quantstamp, and Cyfrin.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Spearbit, Quantstamp, Cyfrin, and Salus.”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=1) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The fetched Ethena audits page identifies Zellic, Spearbit, Quantstamp, Cyfrin, Pashov, Code4rena, Chaos Labs, and Immunefi in its audit program and reports, but does not mention Salus. Therefore, Sal | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: contradicted — The claimed quote states the Ethena audits page says contracts were audited by 'Zellic, Spearbit, Quantstamp, Cyfrin, and Salus.' However, the live re-fetched content of https://docs.ethena.fi/resourc | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The live documentation lists Zellic, Spearbit, Quantstamp, Cyfrin, Pashov, Code4rena, and Chaos Labs as security auditors/risk assessors, but Salus is not mentioned anywhere on the page.

Fee schedule
0Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards, promotional distributions, and distribution incentives.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:37:01.264Z from rejected status | panel 0/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The cited material does not state that the protocol charges a 0% platform fee on yield. A 0% allocation of revenue to the Reserve Fund describes revenue distribution, not the rate and chargi | anthropic: unsupported — The claimed quote — "The percentage of revenue allocated to the Reserve Fund is currently 0%, with 100% being directed to incentive rewards..." — does not appear anywhere in the archived content from | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the cited statement concerns revenue allocation to the Reserve Fund ('currently 0%'), not a fee charged on yield; it does not answer who charges a protocol yield-take fee. Moreover, the quot

Concentration
Hedging execution and custody are concentrated among a small number of centralized venues and providers: Off-Exchange Settlement custody is limited to a handful of providers (Copper, Ceffu, Kraken, and Anchorage Digital).Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Binance (50%): Daily settlement, 3 funding cycles; Bybit (25%)... OKX (15%)... Deribit (5%)... Bitget (5%).”

Verifier note: lost head-to-head to incumbent d19511ef-1426-46e9-ad34-3ccdfe80d5c1: The incumbent directly addresses concentration in both backing assets and hedge venues, with dated, quantitative evidence supporting its claims. The new claim's cited evidence supports exchange allocation but does not support its assertion that custody is limited to Copper, Ceffu, Kraken, and Anchorage Digital.

Attestation frequency
P1MDisputed
More
Sources · 2

depth-issuer-legal, breadth-api-2, breadth-opencode: monthly ('at minimum monthly') custodian attestations, per Ethena's official custodian-attestations docs.

depth-structure-flows: weekly Proof-of-Reserves attestations, launched April 2025 (Chainlink partnership), described as an evolution from the earlier monthly model.

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“the custodial partners publish periodic attestations - at minimum monthly - confirming the value of backing held within their solutions.”
crypto.news ↗
“help power Ethena Labs' weekly proof”

Verifier note: panel 0/3 confirmed (agreement=3, disputed) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The provided live fetch does not include the quoted language about custodial partners publishing attestations “at minimum monthly,” so it cannot substantiate the claim from the displayed content. More | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: contradicted — The claim states attestation_frequency = P1M (i.e., monthly). However, the live fetch of docs.ethena.fi does not even contain the claimed quote text within the visible content — the page cuts off at ' | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The live content fetched from https://docs.ethena.fi/llms-full.txt does not contain the quoted text regarding custodial partners publishing attestations at minimum monthly, nor does it state the attes

Onboarding
Onboarding as a Mint User requires registering as (or on behalf of) a duly organized legal entity, providing full legal name of the individual and organization plus supporting KYC/KYB identity-verification information (collected/screened via third-party providers), designating an administrator, and supplying a wallet address for whitelisting; the entity/affiliates must never have been previously suspended or removed from Ethena's services. Direct mint/redeem access is currently described as available exclusively to approved market-making/institutional counterparties who clear these KYC/KYB checks and execute the Mint User Agreement; Ethena's public documentation does not disclose a specific minimum ticket size or a standard KYC turnaround time, directing prospective counterparties to contact Ethena via Telegram/Discord for onboarding.Unverified
More
Sources · 4
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“When registering as a Mint User, you must provide current, complete, and accurate information for all required elements on the registration page or via any third-party service providers (e.g., KYC/KYB information collection and screening providers), including your full legal name and the legal name of your organization.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“In registering to use the Company Services as a Mint User on behalf of an entity, you represent and warrant that (i) such legal entity is duly organized and validly existing under the applicable laws of the jurisdiction of its organization; (ii) you are duly authorized by such legal entity to act on its behalf, and (iii) such organization (and any affiliate entity) must not have been previously suspended or removed from the Services...”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“When you register as a Mint User, you will be required to designate an administrator for your registration and provide a wallet address to be whitelisted.”
Who can hold/mint
USDe has a two-tier eligibility structure. "Mint Users" — institutional/professional counterparties who complete KYC/AML and KYB checks and are contractually onboarded under the USDe Mint User Agreement with Ethena BVI Limited — may directly mint and redeem USDe for approved collateral (USDT/USDC) at the issuer.Unverified
More

All other holders ("Holding Users") who merely acquire, hold or trade USDe on secondary markets are not customers of Ethena BVI, face no KYC gate, but also have no right to redeem directly with the issuer. Users located in the United States are explicitly barred from becoming Mint Users, and both Mint Users and Holding Users must represent they are not a "Restricted Person" or resident of a "Restricted Territory"; the Mint User Agreement separately lists an extensive set of "Prohibited Jurisdictions" (e.g., North Korea, Iran, Syria, Cuba, Russia, the United States, and others) whose citizens/residents/entities may not register as Mint Users.

Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“All addresses will need to be whitelisted by the Ethena Protocol after satisfying KYC/AML checks. US users are not able to access the application.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Users in the United States are not eligible to become a Mint User. This restriction may be revisited from time to time taking into account relevant changes in law.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Users who have completed Know-Your-Customer and Anti-Money Laundering checks, as well as other onboarding procedures, and are whitelisted with Ethena BVI Limited ("Ethena BVI") are referred to herein as a "Mint User." ... For the avoidance of doubt, Holding Users are not customers of Ethena BVI.”

Verifier note: unsupported — The fetched terms support the core distinction: KYC/AML-whitelisted Mint Users can create and directly redeem USDe with Ethena BVI, whereas Holding Users are not Ethena BVI customers and cannot directly redeem unless they become Mint Users. They also expressly bar U.S. users from becoming Mint Users and impose Restricted Person/Restricted Territory restrictions. However, the claim overstates details not established by the supplied excerpts: the sources do not say Mint Users are exclusively “institutional/professional counterparties,” do not establish that direct minting/redemption is specifically limited to USDT/USDC (they refer more generally to accepted tokens/supported assets), and do not provide the alleged extensive separate Mint User Agreement list of “Prohibited Jurisdictions,” including Russia and the United States. The terms’ displayed Restricted Territory list is instead Cuba, Iran, Syria, North Korea, and specified Ukrainian regions. Because the composite claim includes these unproven specifics, it cannot be confirmed as stated. | quote: "“You understand and agree that you may only utilize accepted assets to create USDe and redeem USDe directly with Ethena BVI to the extent that you are a Mint User. … The following only applies to Holding Users: You may not redeem USDe with Ethena BVI unless and until you are a Mint User who has clea"

Risk smart contract
Ethena's own Risks documentation page enumerates Funding, Liquidation, Custodial, Exchange Failure, Backing Assets, Stablecoin-Related, and Margin Collateral risks as the core risk battery for USDe as a synthetic dollar, distinct from fiat- or RWA-backed stablecoins; smart-contract/code risk is separately addressed via Ethena's multi-firm audit program (Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, Pashov, Code4rena) and an ongoing Immunefi bug bounty rather than in this dedicated risks section itself.Unverified
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena is committed to transparency. It is crucial to highlight the risks associated with USDe, the actions taken to mitigate these risks, as well as plans to further manage and ameliorate these risks.”

Verifier note: unsupported — The cited live Risks page does support that USDe is discussed as a synthetic dollar and explicitly lists Funding, Liquidation, Custodial, Exchange Failure, Backing Assets, Stablecoin-Related, and Margin Collateral risks. However, the provided source contains no evidence for the asserted separate smart-contract/code-risk treatment, the named audit firms (Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, Pashov, Code4rena), or an ongoing Immunefi bounty. It also does not establish the claimed 2023-11-13 date. Because these are material parts of the claim, it is unsupported as stated. | quote: ""This section will discuss the following risks: Funding Risk; Liquidation Risk; Custodial Risk; Exchange Failure Risk; Backing Assets Risk; Stablecoin-Related Risk; Margin Collateral Risk.""

Exit paths
Primary/"hot" redemption: whitelisted, KYC/AML-cleared "Mint Users" request an RFQ price from Ethena's Pricing API, sign an EIP-712 order, and submit it to Ethena BVI Limited, which redeems 1 USDe for the notional value of its pro rata portion of USDe Reserves (up to $1 notional) in a supported asset (USDT or USDC under the V2 contract). Settlement is atomic on-chain (same transaction) once Ethena's backend validates the signed order (whitelist check, price "last-look," per-block capacity check), with no explicit redemption fee charged by Ethena beyond embedded gas/slippage — only network gas and hedge-execution costs are borne by the user.Unverified
More

Each request is capped by a per-block maximum redemption limit set in the EthenaMinting smart contract (adjustable by Ethena's admin multisig), and a Mint User may submit only one order per block.

Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena BVI (or an affiliate designated by Ethena BVI) commits to redeem 1 USDe for the notional value relating to its pro rata portion of the USDe Reserves in supported digital assets, up to a maximum amount of 1 USD in notional value, subject to these Terms, applicable law, and any fees where applicable.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“$N per block limit check ... The order will not exceed the defined maximum capacity that is available per block for mint and redeem USDe requests. ... Multiple orders check ... Users are only allowed to successfully submit one mint / redeem USDe request per block.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Redemption: Redeemers can redeem their USDe by providing them as input and receiving the underlying assets back USDe in return. The redeemed USDe tokens are burned from the user's balance. The redemption process is subject to a maximum limit set by the contract.”

Verifier note: unsupported — The fetched pages support several core elements: direct redemption is limited to whitelisted KYC/AML-cleared Mint Users; users sign an EIP-712 order after an RFQ; Ethena performs last-look and other validations; redemptions are capped per block and users may successfully submit one request per block; and the contract has atomic operations and an admin multisig may set the per-block maximum. The Terms also support redemption of 1 USDe for pro-rata reserve value up to $1 notional, subject to terms, law, and applicable fees. However, the cited content does not establish that the RFQ comes specifically from a “Pricing API,” that V2 redemption assets are specifically USDT or USDC, that settlement occurs in the same transaction after backend validation, or that Ethena charges no explicit redemption fee and users bear only gas/hedge-execution costs. Indeed, the Terms expressly leave open “any fees where applicable.” Because these material specifics are unestablished, the composite claim cannot be confirmed. | quote: "“Ethena BVI (or an affiliate designated by Ethena BVI) commits to redeem 1 USDe for the notional value relating to its pro rata portion of the USDe Reserves in supported digital assets, up to a maximum amount of 1 USD in notional value, subject to these Terms, applicable law, and any fees where appl"

Fee schedule
Rwa.xyz's structured asset profile for USDe records both "Subscription Fees" and "Redemption Fees" as 0%, consistent with Ethena's own statement that it earns no profit from minting or redeeming USDe (users only bear network gas and hedge execution/slippage costs).Unverified
More
Sources · 1
app.rwa.xyz ↗
“Subscription Fees 0 % ... Redemption Fees 0 %”

Verifier note: unsupported — The refetched RWA.xyz profile directly supports that it lists Subscription Fees and Redemption Fees as 0%. However, the claim additionally attributes to Ethena an own statement that it earns no profit from minting or redeeming USDe and specifies that users only bear network gas and hedge execution/slippage costs. No Ethena statement or equivalent language appears in the provided source content, so the full composite claim is not established. | quote: "Subscription Fees 0 % ... Redemption Fees 0 %"

Run operations

Issuer entity 3027eb3d-4da4-4d61-a0d7-fb573fe886c5 · last updated 2026-08-07T22:14:16.003Z

Underlying issuer entity 3027eb3d-4da4-4d61-a0d7-fb573fe886c5 · last updated 2026-08-07T22:14:16.003Z

0 source channels auto-trusted this run (revocable in Autoresearch)

ingest · ingest · weak

plan · plan · ok

synthesize · synthesize · ok

Coverage

37 of 43 fields verified · 0 unverified · 7 not found

Run 2026-08-07T22:14:16.069Z · done · cost $0.00

Automated research, human-reviewed. Verify against source documents before credit decisions.

Jul 30, 26
Aug 7, 26
$10,030$10,020$10,000$9,994$9,984$9,974
May 7, 26May 30, 26Jun 22, 26Jul 15, 26Aug 7, 26
$10,020$10,010$9,999$9,987$9,976$9,965
Feb 7, 26Mar 24, 26May 9, 26Jun 23, 26Aug 7, 26
$10,040$10,020$10,010$10,000$9,989$9,977
Jan 1, 26Feb 25, 26Apr 20, 26Jun 14, 26Aug 7, 26
$10,040$10,020$10,010$9,997$9,983$9,970
Aug 7, 25Nov 6, 25Feb 6, 26May 8, 26Aug 7, 26
$10,020$10,010$9,994$9,978$9,963$9,947
Jun 30, 25Oct 9, 25Jan 18, 26Apr 28, 26Aug 7, 26
$10,030$10,020$10,000$9,985$9,969$9,953
USDE
+0.01%
3M T-BILL+0.30%
1 yr
USDE-0.01%
3M T-BILL+0.30%
Since inception
USDE-0.01%
3M T-BILL+0.30%

+0.08%

-0.15%

-0.09%

Benchmark

3M T-BILL

+0.32%

+0.89%

+1.79%

+2.15%

+3.67%

+4.12%

1 mo
USDE+0.03%
3M T-BILL+0.32%
3 mo
USDE-0.04%
3M T-BILL+0.89%
6 mo
USDE+0.07%
3M T-BILL+1.79%
YTD
USDE+0.08%
3M T-BILL+2.15%
1 yr
USDE-0.15%
3M T-BILL+3.67%
Since inception
USDE-0.09%
3M T-BILL+4.12%
“which sets allocation caps, counterparty standards, collateralisation requirements, and liquidity coverage parameters, and monitors positions on an ongoing basis.”
ethena.fi ↗
“overcollateralised lending with only high-quality, immediately liquid collateral (BTC/ETH) and facing institutional counterparties that meet strict eligibility criteria.”
ethena.fi ↗
“Each loan is overcollateralised with defined margin call and automatic liquidation ratios, and has tenors designed to minimise liquidity risk for large USDe redemption scenarios.”
ethena.fi ↗
“Initially, allocations will likely be limited to AAA-rated CLO funds, which have had no history of defaults.”

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; substance and goal-fit review required | panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: confirmed — The issuer source supports every material element and the narrative answers the slot question: concentration is governed through allocation and concentration caps; direct-loan liquidity and duration a | anthropic: confirmed — Every material claim in the narrative is directly supported by the fetched Ethena blog post. (1) Risk Committee 'sets allocation caps, counterparty standards, collateralisation requirements, and liqui

Yield source

Protocol revenue comes from basis funding, lending, tokenized real-world assets, and eligible stablecoin rewards. Staked-asset yield supplements returns when crypto collateral includes LSTs.
More

Ethena directs backing revenue toward discretionary incentives, including sUSDe.

Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“That revenue is generated from a diversified set of strategies, including: * Funding rates on delta-neutral basis trades in crypto perpetual and futures markets; * Funding rates on delta-neutral basis trades in non-crypto markets; * Lending revenue from overcollateralised on-chain DeFi lending markets; * Lending revenue from overcollateralised loans to institutional counterparties; * Rewards on tokenised real-world assets, including short-duration government debt and high-liquidity credit; * Rewards on liquid stablecoin holdings where applicable.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Using LST collateral, such as stETH, as collateral for USDe, provides an additional margin of safety for negative funding in the form of the ~3% annualized returns earned on stETH .”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Revenue earned on the backing of USDe is utilized in promotional and incentive programs, including sUSDe (which is maintained by a subsidiary of the Ethena Foundation)and certain partner reward programs on partner exchanges, platforms, or protocols.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: confirmed — The issuer documentation supports every material element: backing revenue includes crypto and non-crypto delta-neutral basis funding, DeFi and institutional lending revenue, tokenized real-world-asset | anthropic: confirmed — goal-fit: The claim answers the slot question by identifying where the yield economically originates — basis funding rates, lending interest, RWA coupons, and stablecoin rewards — and how it is distri

Collateralization

100%
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe only requires 1:1 'collateralization' in the majority of market conditions.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena trades with no effective leverage across exchanges as the delta offsetting short perpetual positions are equal in size to the backing assets”

Verifier note: panel 1/1 confirmed (agreement=5) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched documentation expressly states that “USDe only requires 1:1 ‘collateralization’ in the majority of market conditions.” A 1:1 collateralization ratio corresponds to 100%. The accompanying d

More
Sources · 2
paragraph.com ↗
“Ethena's Risk Committee approved a proposal last week to onboard USDtb as a USDe backing asset.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“As of October 2025, USDtb is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:23:50.740Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: confirmed — The archived Ethena documentation explicitly states: “As of October 2025, USDtb is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank,” exactly supporting the claimed holding description and as-of date. | anthropic: confirmed — The archived content from docs.ethena.fi states verbatim: 'As of October 2025, USDtb is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank.' This directly supports the claimed value including the as-of date, and it ans | kimi: unsupported — goal-fit: the docs.ethena.fi source does literally state 'As of October 2025, USDtb is issued by Anchorage Digital Bank,' so the issuer fact itself is evidence-supported. However, the slot question as

Reserve fund
A Reserve Fund held by the protocol acts as an additional margin of safety for USDe, intended to absorb losses from negative funding or other causes before the sUSDe staking contract is affected
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“If the protocol were to suffer a loss due to funding or another reason, Ethena's Reserve Fund is intended to bear the cost, rather than the staking contract.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The Reserve Fund is a pool of assets held by the protocol as an additional margin of safety for USDe.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over ae5d2b3d-1cc7-4f33-8022-73a410e8c8f1: The new claim is more specific because it explicitly names USDe, negative funding, other loss causes, and the sUSDe staking contract. Its two cited sources independently support both the Reserve Fund’s safety-margin role and its intended loss-absorption priority.

Rwa
Tokenized real-world assets: short-duration government debt, expanding into liquid fixed income and credit instruments, selected for low volatility, strong liquidity, and predictable exit value
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“high-liquidity real-world assets beyond treasury bills - including tokenised, liquid fixed income and credit instruments”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“low volatility, relatively strong liquidity and settlement terms, and their ability to be exited at predictable values”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over a101d45b-c917-40be-8eba-8635216fa6fd: The new claim is more specific about the asset-selection criteria—low volatility, strong liquidity, and predictable exit value—and its own cited evidence directly supports both those criteria and the expansion into liquid fixed-income and credit instruments. The incumbent’s Risk Committee approval detail is not supported by its cited excerpt.

Liquid stablecoins
Liquid stablecoins (USDC, USDT, USDtb) held as a redemption and hedging buffer, allowing whitelisted counterparties to redeem without unwinding hedged positions; allocation is dynamic
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“support the protocol's ability to manage on-demand redemptions, allowing whitelisted counterparties to redeem USDe without the protocol needing to unwind hedged positions”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:07:46.449Z from rejected status | panel 2/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The source supports the stated description: Ethena holds USDC, USDT, and USDtb as a dynamic liquid-stablecoin allocation for redemptions and reducing hedged exposure without unwinding hedged | anthropic: confirmed — The archived source lists USDC, USDT, and USDtb as liquid, fiat-referenced stablecoins held in the backing portfolio, and verbatim supports the claimed quote about managing on-demand redemptions and a | kimi: confirmed — The archived source states each element of the claim: the protocol holds liquid stablecoins 'such as USDC, USDT, and USDtb'; they 'support the protocol's ability to manage on-demand redemptions, allow

Basis trade
Delta-neutral basis trade: spot crypto paired with a short derivatives position of roughly equal notional
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“delta-hedged crypto assets”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Volatile assets, such as spot crypto and tokenised commodities, are paired with a corresponding short derivatives position so that the combined position is delta-neutral.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T18:44:05.313Z from rejected status | panel 1/4 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | trimmed uncited claims (8) and re-confirmed | gpt-family: unsupported — The crypto-basis-trade page supports the general structure of pairing volatile spot assets with equivalent-notional short derivatives to create a delta-neutral position. However, the cited content doe | anthropic-family: unsupported — The core concept—a delta-neutral basis trade pairing spot crypto with a short derivatives position of roughly equivalent notional—is well supported by the crypto-basis-trade.md page, which is quoted a | kimi-family: unsupported — The crypto-basis-trade source does support the core mechanism: volatile spot assets paired with a corresponding short derivatives position so the combined position is delta-neutral, hedged with a shor | gpt-family: confirmed — The crypto-basis-trade source explicitly states that spot crypto is paired with a corresponding short derivatives position to make the combined position delta-neutral. It further specifies hedging in

Staked eth
Liquid staked ETH (e.g
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Staked Ethereum assets make up just ~6% of the backing assets of USDe as of January 2025.”

Verifier note: panel 1/1 confirmed (agreement=3) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched Ethena documentation explicitly states: “Staked Ethereum assets make up just ~6% of the backing assets of USDe as of January 2025.” The surrounding text identifies these as stETH and other

Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“USDe is a synthetic dollar that does not earn rewards.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Once users stake their USDe for sUSDe, they begin to accrue rewards, to the extent provided, without any further action or cost.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:53.987Z from rejected status

Holdings
USDC, USDT and USDtb held as a redemption buffer and hedge-substitute during periods of suboptimal funding/basis.Unverified
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“act as a safeguard during periods when perpetual funding rates and futures basis are suboptimal”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“7% … January 2025”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:29:58.105Z from rejected status

Disputed
More
Sources · 5

depth-issuer-legal: USDe briefly traded to ~$0.97 on Oct 11, 2025 during the crypto liquidation event, per a secondary aggregator (stablecoininsider.org), flagged for primary confirmation.

breadth-api-1: USDe fell to ~$0.62-0.65 specifically on Binance on Oct 10, 2025, attributed to Binance's internal orderbook oracle mispricing during margin liquidations rather than any Ethena/protocol failure; on-chain minting/redemption and DeFi pricing held near peg throughout, per bravenewcoin.com and 21shares.com.

breadth-claude: USDe briefly lost its 1:1 value to trade around $0.98 in connection with the February 2025 Bybit-hack period, per Cointelegraph reporting.

paragraph.com ↗
“On 18th September 2024, we experienced a security incident where a malicious actor briefly gained access to our domain registrar account for ethena.fi.”
bafin.de ↗
“On 14 April, BaFin ordered Ethena GmbH to wind up its business that was subject to an authorisation requirement.”
bravenewcoin.com ↗
“On October 10, 2025, USDe crashed to $0.65 on Binance due to Binance using its internal orderbook to mark prices for margin trading rather than checking prices across major exchanges.”
21shares.com ↗
“On October 10, Ethena's USDe experienced a price dislocation on Binance's spot market, falling to $0.65 due to thinned orderbook liquidity and internal liquidation engines, despite protocol minting and redemptions remaining intact on-chain.”
bafin.de ↗
“Beginning 7 August 2025, any claims may only be asserted against Ethena (BVI) Limited.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:56.615Z from rejected status

What the issuer does
Ethena Labs, S.A., a Portuguese private limited-liability company, develops and operates the Ethena protocol, whose products include USDe (synthetic dollar), sUSDe (staked yield-bearing token), and USDtb (treasury-backed stablecoin). The business runs institutional onboarding, off-exchange settlement integrations, and delta-neutral hedging operations rather than conventional deposit-taking.Unverified
More
Sources · 3
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs is a private limited liability company incorporated in, and domiciled in, Portugal.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena Labs was founded to create a crypto-native synthetic dollar”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“A crypto-native synthetic dollar utilizing spot assets as backing”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:55.404Z from rejected status

Legal entity
Ethena BVI Limited (British Virgin Islands) is the primary USDe issuer for non-EEA users; Ethena GmbH (Germany) was the EEA issuer until a BaFin-ordered wind-down in 2025; the operating company, Ethena Labs, S.A., is domiciled in Portugal.Unverified
More
Sources · 4
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Ethena GmbH, Germany, will issue and redeem USDe for users in the European Economic Area (EEA). Ethena BVI Limited…will issue and redeem USDe for users in all counties outside the EEA.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Users contract with 'Ethena BVI Limited' for USDe-related services (Section 2)”
sec.gov ↗
“Ethena Labs is a private limited liability company incorporated in, and domiciled in, Portugal.”
bafin.de ↗
“Beginning 7 August 2025, any claims may only be asserted against Ethena (BVI) Limited.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T14:34:44.596Z from rejected status

Attestations
Custodial partners publish periodic attestations (at minimum monthly) confirming the value of backing held, published via Ethena's Custodian Attestations resource.
More
Sources · 2
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Custodian Attestations”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“the custodial partners publish periodic attestations - at minimum monthly - confirming the value of backing held within their solutions.”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-05T13:56:49.675Z from rejected status | panel 3/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: confirmed — The cited content states that custodial partners publish attestations at least monthly confirming the value of backing held within their solutions, and that current attestations are published in Ethen | anthropic: confirmed — The off-exchange-custody source states verbatim: 'the custodial partners publish periodic attestations - at minimum monthly - confirming the value of backing held within their solutions.' The llms.txt | kimi: confirmed — The Off Exchange Custody page states verbatim that custodial partners publish periodic attestations at minimum monthly confirming the value of backing held, and both llms.txt and the page's closing li

Attestation frequency
MonthlyDisputed
More
Sources · 2

Monthly custodian attestations (breadth-api-2, breadth-opencode, via docs.ethena.fi/resources/custodian-attestations: 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians...').

Weekly Proof-of-Reserves attestation program launched April 2025, supplementing monthly custodian reports (depth-structure-flows, via crypto.news Chainlink PoR attestor article).

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.”
crypto.news ↗
“help power Ethena Labs' weekly proof”

Verifier note: panel 3/3 confirmed (agreement=2, disputed) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — Ethena’s official Custodian Attestations page explicitly states: “Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.” T | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The primary source (Ethena's own docs) explicitly and unambiguously states 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets o | google/gemini-3.6-flash: confirmed — The cited source explicitly states: 'Monthly attestations are completed with the custodians to validate the existence, control, and value of the backing assets of USDe.', directly confirming that the

Sources · 3
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Code4rena | v1 contracts (public) | 13 Nov 2023”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“completed on 13 Nov 2023. No critical or high level issues were identified.”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“No critical or high level issues were identified”

Verifier note: panel 1/1 confirmed (agreement=3) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched Ethena audits page expressly identifies a “Public Code4rena Audit on v1 of contracts” and states: “Attached is the audit report by Code4rena completed on 13 Nov 2023.” It also describes Ph

Audits
Smart-contract audits by Pashov across v1 (2023-10-22), ENA/LP staking (2023-12-22), V2 contracts (2024-05-23), sENA (2024-09-02), and USDtb (2024-10-20).
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Pashov (V2 contracts) - Date: 23 May 2024”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (agreement=2) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The fetched Ethena audits page explicitly lists independent Pashov audits for: v1 contracts (completed 22 Oct 2023); ENA and LP staking contracts (22 Dec 2023); V2 contracts (23 May 2024); Staked ENA/ | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: confirmed — The live-fetched Ethena docs/resources/audits page lists all five Pashov audits with dates matching the claim exactly: v1 audit completed 22 Oct 2023; ENA/LP staking audit completed December 22nd 2023

Audits
Performed an economics/financial-risk audit of protocol system design (not a code audit).
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“economics audit and financial risk audit”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:12:08.685Z from rejected status | panel 1/4 confirmed (agreement=3) | trimmed uncited claims (3) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The cited Ethena audits page explicitly supports that Chaos Labs conducted an “economic and financial risk audit” and labels its work “Economics Audit and Risk Analysis ... on System Design,” distingu | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The docs.ethena.fi/resources/audits page does confirm that Chaos Labs performed an 'economics and financial risk audit... on System Design' (Phase 6), matching the first part of the claim (economics/f | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — The cited source confirms that Chaos Labs performed an economic and financial risk audit on system design (Phase 6). However, the source does not mention or confirm that Chaos Labs serves as a Proof-o | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — Ethena’s audits page explicitly lists “Phase 6: economic and financial risk audit by Chaos Labs” and labels the associated materials “Economics Audit and Risk Analysis by Chaos Labs on System Design.”

Audits
Smart-contract audit named alongside Spearbit in Ethena's audit disclosures.
More
Sources · 1
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“The protocol's smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, and Cantina, and have been the subject of public audit through Code4rena.”

Verifier note: panel 1/1 confirmed (agreement=4) | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The cited Ethena documentation explicitly states: “The protocol's smart contracts have been audited by Zellic, Quantstamp, Spearbit, and Cantina.” This names Cantina alongside Spearbit in Ethena’s sma

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“You are solely responsible for reporting and paying any taxes (Section 11)”
docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Users are solely responsible for determining and paying applicable taxes”

Verifier note: re-adjudicated 2026-08-03T08:16:51.461Z from rejected status

Verifier note:
“This post walks through the history and evolution of the allocation strategy for USDe's backing.”

Verifier note: panel 1/4 confirmed (agreement=5) | trimmed uncited claims (3) and re-confirmed | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: unsupported — The funding-risk documentation supports the core mechanism: USDe protocol revenue is exposed to perpetual funding together with LST yield, short-dated-futures basis, and liquid-stable rewards; the Res | anthropic/claude-sonnet-5: unsupported — The core risk mechanism claims are well-supported by the fetched Ethena funding-risk documentation: USDe's income does depend on perp funding plus LST/stablecoin yield, the Reserve Fund is designed to | google/gemini-3.6-flash: unsupported — While the fetched sources support the mechanism of the Reserve Fund, the historical funding rate statistics (7.8%-9% annualized, negative on 17.5% of ETH days and 15.9% of BTC days), and the general d | openai/gpt-5.6-terra: confirmed — The Ethena funding-risk documentation directly supports every material element. It states that USDe protocol revenue is derived from short-perpetual funding together with LST yield (e.g., stETH), shor

“Die BaFin hat der Ethena GmbH unter anderem das weitere öffentliche Anbieten ihres USDe-Tokens untersagt und das Unternehmen angewiesen, die entsprechende Vermögenswertreserve durch die Verwahrstellen einfrieren zu lassen.”

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: confirmed — The BaFin regulator source supports every material element: it reported a sufficiently grounded suspicion that Ethena GmbH publicly offered sUSDe securities in Germany without the required prospectus; | anthropic: confirmed — The slot question asks about plausible regulatory actions and their impact on holders; this claim describes exactly that (BaFin measures against Ethena GmbH), so it is goal-fit. Every material element

Verifier note: panel 2/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: confirmed — The issuer documentation directly states that exchange failure leaves Ethena exposed to PnL accumulated since the last off-exchange settlement cycle. The lending announcement states that USDe backing | anthropic: confirmed — goal-fit: The claim answers the slot question (credit exposure inside the backing; counterparties whose failure hits holders) by identifying two counterparty-credit channels — exchange failure and ins

“The protocol uses multiple OES providers in parallel rather than concentrating on a single custodian.”

Verifier note: restored by head-to-head over 2edf59b4-5a71-4570-8aec-a5e4daff0dfc: The new claim more directly answers provider failure by citing that custodian insolvency would disrupt USDe creation and redemption, while also directly supporting the three operational risks and parallel-provider concentration mitigation. Although some named providers and arrangement details are not established by the quoted evidence, its core slot-specific support is stronger than the incumbent’s.

[inspection: dated; third-party; Article profiles Guy Young, founder/CEO of Ethena Labs, and explicitly covers USDe and sUSDe, matching the token identity and official domain docs.ethena.fi.; No contract address is cited, but no conflicting chain address or same-ticker impostor appears either]Document · 2026-08-03
[inspection: dated; third-party; Article covers Ethena, the issuer of USDe, describing its delta-neutral stablecoin design which matches USDe; No mint address is cited, but no conflicting address or project either; same project, same token narrative; Document predates USDe launch (seed round,]Document · 2026-08-03
[inspection: current; official; Announcement from @ethena, the official Ethena X account, explicitly naming USDe and sUSDe with no conflicting ticker or chain identity; Describes the sUSDe unstaking cooldown policy (dynamic 1-7 day model), a durable protocol term specific to Ethena's USDe, m]Terms · 2026-08-03
Exchange-risk/Bybit hack case study, official Ethena blog post, 2025-02-25. [inspection: dated; official; Document is an Ethena Labs blog post entirely about USDe's design, backing, and redemption behavior during the February 2025 Bybit hack; token identity aligns with Ethena's USDe.; No mint/contract address is cited, but issuer, ticker, and product mechanics (mi]Document · 2026-08-03
'USDe Dynamic Allocation of Backing' — official Ethena Labs Research blog post describing the evolution of the backing allocation strategy, October 2024. [inspection: dated; official; Document is entirely about Ethena's USDe synthetic dollar, matching the token name and symbol; USDe exists on Solana, consistent with the given mint; Content details (Risk Committee formed August 2024, SOL approved as backing, UStb announced 'last month' with ]Document · 2026-08-03
proof-of-reserves announcement: documents the design and launch of USDe proof-of-reserves reportingAttestation · 2026-08-03
regulatory submission: describes USDe’s structure, issuers, redemption model, restrictions, and Ethena’s legal positionDocument · 2026-08-03
regulatory measure: records BaFin’s wind-up and USDe redemption instructionsDocument · 2026-08-03
regulatory measure: records BaFin’s supervisory action concerning Ethena GmbH and USDe under MiCARDocument · 2026-08-03
blog/proposal: USDH proposal writeupDocument · 2026-08-03
blog post: USDtb launch postDocument · 2026-08-03
regulator meeting record: preserves the official SEC meeting record involving Ethena LabsAttestation · 2026-08-03

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=3, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources do not establish what happens if the issuer itself fails, commits fraud, or walks away. Ethena’s disclosure says service interruptions may prevent various transactions, but does | anthropic: confirmed — goal-fit: the claim directly answers the slot question (issuer failure/regulatory intervention — what holders lose vs. what survives), addressing interrupted redemption/services, frozen reserves, and

“Ethena minting has the ability to delegate signers to sign for an address, using setDelegatedSigner .”

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support the ADMIN multisig, possible owner/admin separation, identical 20-address Minter/Redeemer sets, and internal/external Gatekeeper distribution. However, setDelegatedSigner | anthropic: confirmed — Every material claim is supported by the union of fetched sources. (1) 'ADMIN Multi-Sig Ethena Labs 1' confirms sole ADMIN role via multisig. (2) The matrix page states 'If desired, owner and admin ca

Verifier note: panel 0/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The issuer documentation supports the OES mechanics: multiple providers, delegated margin value without transferring custody, no exchange withdrawal or rehypothecation of underlying assets, | anthropic: contradicted — All five claimed quotes appear verbatim in the archived Ethena docs, and the substantive mechanics of the claim are strongly supported: the docs state OES separates custody from margining, that the OE

Verifier note: panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1, disputed) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources confirm jurisdiction- and wallet-risk-based platform access restrictions, discretionary suspension of Mint Users, delays of suspicious Mint User transactions, and adjustable limi | anthropic: confirmed — Every factual assertion in the claim is directly supported by verbatim text in the archived sources, and together they answer the SLOT QUESTION (restricted jurisdictions? freezable? whitelist?). (1) '

Verifier note: WARNING: evidence class mismatch; trusted tier 1 evidence requires substance and goal-fit review | panel 1/2 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — goal-fit: The sources support the quoted operational and contractual statements, but the narrative does not answer the required issuer-failure question. It describes exchange failure, OES control, the | anthropic: confirmed — Every material claim maps to a verbatim passage in the fetched sources. (1) Ethena controlling OES deposits/withdrawals and recalling backing to the minting contract for redemptions is stated verbatim

Verifier note: panel 1/3 confirmed (sourceDomains=1) | gpt: unsupported — evidence class mismatch | anthropic: confirmed — The fetched BaFin publication (bafin.de — itself a regulator-class source) directly supports every element of the claim. The application date is stated verbatim: 'Die Ethena GmbH hatte am 29. Juli 202 | gpt: unsupported — evidence class mismatch

docs.ethena.fi ↗
“Direct Mint USDe: Transfer accepted reserve assets and receive USDe, subject to clearing KYC/KYB checks exclusively for approved market making counterparties.”

Verifier note: unsupported — The agreement and overview substantiate most of the stated onboarding conditions: entity representations (when registering on behalf of an entity), legal-name/KYC-KYB information and third-party verification inquiries, administrator designation, wallet whitelisting, no prior suspension/removal for the entity or affiliates, and direct mint/redeem being exclusive to approved market-making counterparties clearing KYC/KYB. However, the provided live content does not establish that a Mint User must execute the Mint User Agreement as a separate onboarding condition; it says registration or use constitutes acceptance. Nor does it state that Ethena directs prospective counterparties to Telegram/Discord for onboarding, or expressly state that no minimum ticket size or standard KYC turnaround time is publicly disclosed. Those negative/process assertions cannot be confirmed solely from these excerpts. The claim also overstates entity registration as universal: the agreement imposes the duly-organized-entity representation specifically where a person registers on behalf of an entity, while it otherwise refers to a Mint User as “you.” | quote: "“Direct Mint USDe . Transfer accepted reserve assets and receive USDe, subject to clearing KYC/KYB checks exclusively for approved market making counterparties . See Supplemental USDe Terms and Conditions.”"